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使用助听器是否会影响轻度听力损伤患者的视听整合能力?

Does hearing aid use affect audiovisual integration in mild hearing impairment?

作者信息

Gieseler Anja, Tahden Maike A S, Thiel Christiane M, Colonius Hans

机构信息

Cluster of Excellence 'Hearing4all', University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.

Cognitive Psychology Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.

出版信息

Exp Brain Res. 2018 Apr;236(4):1161-1179. doi: 10.1007/s00221-018-5206-6. Epub 2018 Feb 16.

Abstract

There is converging evidence for altered audiovisual integration abilities in hearing-impaired individuals and those with profound hearing loss who are provided with cochlear implants, compared to normal-hearing adults. Still, little is known on the effects of hearing aid use on audiovisual integration in mild hearing loss, although this constitutes one of the most prevalent conditions in the elderly and, yet, often remains untreated in its early stages. This study investigated differences in the strength of audiovisual integration between elderly hearing aid users and those with the same degree of mild hearing loss who were not using hearing aids, the non-users, by measuring their susceptibility to the sound-induced flash illusion. We also explored the corresponding window of integration by varying the stimulus onset asynchronies. To examine general group differences that are not attributable to specific hearing aid settings but rather reflect overall changes associated with habitual hearing aid use, the group of hearing aid users was tested unaided while individually controlling for audibility. We found greater audiovisual integration together with a wider window of integration in hearing aid users compared to their age-matched untreated peers. Signal detection analyses indicate that a change in perceptual sensitivity as well as in bias may underlie the observed effects. Our results and comparisons with other studies in normal-hearing older adults suggest that both mild hearing impairment and hearing aid use seem to affect audiovisual integration, possibly in the sense that hearing aid use may reverse the effects of hearing loss on audiovisual integration. We suggest that these findings may be particularly important for auditory rehabilitation and call for a longitudinal study.

摘要

与听力正常的成年人相比,有越来越多的证据表明,听力受损者以及接受人工耳蜗植入的重度听力损失者的视听整合能力发生了改变。然而,对于使用助听器对轻度听力损失患者视听整合的影响,我们知之甚少,尽管这是老年人中最普遍的情况之一,而且在早期往往仍未得到治疗。本研究通过测量老年人助听器使用者和同等程度轻度听力损失但未使用助听器者(非使用者)对声音诱发闪光错觉的易感性,调查了他们在视听整合强度上的差异。我们还通过改变刺激起始异步性来探索相应的整合窗口。为了检验并非归因于特定助听器设置而是反映与习惯性使用助听器相关的整体变化的一般组间差异,对助听器使用者组在不使用助听器的情况下进行测试,同时单独控制可听度。我们发现,与年龄匹配的未治疗同龄人相比,助听器使用者的视听整合更强,整合窗口更宽。信号检测分析表明,感知敏感性和偏差的变化可能是观察到的效应的基础。我们的结果以及与听力正常的老年人的其他研究的比较表明,轻度听力障碍和使用助听器似乎都会影响视听整合,可能是因为使用助听器可能会逆转听力损失对视听整合的影响。我们认为这些发现可能对听觉康复尤为重要,并呼吁进行纵向研究。

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