Holder Mary K, Chassaing Benoit
Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Physiol Behav. 2018 Aug 1;192:173-176. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.02.025. Epub 2018 Feb 14.
The mammalian intestinal tract is heavily colonized with a complex community of micro-organisms, present at a very high density, and containing an estimated amount of 10 bacteria. The microbiota generally benefits the host, as it plays a central role in maturing the immune system, protecting against infection by entero-pathogens such as Clostridium difficile, and favoring nutrient digestion/energy extraction in our intestine. An altered microbiota, however, can become detrimental and lead to inflammation, metabolic disorders, and even altered behavior/neuroinflammation. While there are many factors involved in regulating the intestinal microbiota composition and the way it interacts with its host, this review will focus on the role played by food additives on host/microbiota relationship.
哺乳动物的肠道中密集地栖息着一个复杂的微生物群落，其密度非常高，估计含有10种细菌。微生物群通常对宿主有益，因为它在免疫系统成熟、预防艰难梭菌等肠道病原体感染以及促进我们肠道中的营养消化/能量提取方面发挥着核心作用。然而，微生物群的改变可能会变得有害，并导致炎症、代谢紊乱，甚至行为改变/神经炎症。虽然调节肠道微生物群组成及其与宿主相互作用方式的因素有很多，但本综述将重点关注食品添加剂在宿主/微生物群关系中所起的作用。
