Laboratory of Critical Zone Evolution, School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
Laboratory of Critical Zone Evolution, School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China; Key Laboratory for National Geography State Monitoring (National Administration of Surveying, Mapping and Geoinformation), China.
Sci Total Environ. 2018 Jul 1;628-629:650-660. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.02.087. Epub 2018 Feb 20.
In this study, the relationships between interannual variations of surface urban heat islands (SUHIs) and climate variability were studied in 31 cities of China for the period 2001-2016. For cold and dry Northern China, it was found that the interannual variations of SUHI intensity (SUHII, land surface temperature (LST) in urban minus rural) in urban cores was significantly (p<0.05) and negatively correlated with rural LST in 9 (in summer days (SDs)) and 8 (in winter days (WDs)) of the 15 northern cities, respectively. In addition, the daytime LST differences between hot summers and other summers and between cold winters and other winters were generally lower in urban cores (1.141°C for SDs and 2.535°C for WDs) than in rural areas (1.890°C for SDs and 3.377°C for WDs). The standard deviation was further used to reflect the interannual stabilities of LST, enhanced vegetation index (EVI) and white sky albedo (WSA). Interestingly, the standard deviations of LST across 2001-2016 were generally lower in urban cores (0.994°C for SDs and 1.577°C for WDs) than in rural areas (1.431°C for SDs and 2.077°C for WDs). Similar results were observed for EVI and WSA (winter). The results suggested that the urban surface is less sensitive to climate variability than rural areas in Northern China. Comparatively, most findings were less evident in hot and humid Southern China. Despite the whole world would become warmer or colder in future, the insensitivity of urban surface may mitigate its impacts in cold and dry Northern China. However, it does not mean that urbanization is totally good due to its environmental problem.
本研究以 2001-2016 年中国 31 个城市为研究对象，探讨了地表城市热岛（SUHI）的年际变化与气候变率之间的关系。对于寒冷干燥的中国北方地区，研究发现，在 15 个北方城市中的 9 个（夏季日）和 8 个（冬季日），城市核心区的 SUHI 强度（SUHII，城市地表温度（LST）减去农村 LST）年际变化与农村 LST 呈显著负相关（p<0.05）。此外，夏季和其他季节白天的 LST 差异以及冬季和其他季节夜间的 LST 差异，城市核心区普遍低于农村地区（夏季日为 1.141°C，冬季日为 2.535°C）。进一步使用标准差来反映 LST、增强植被指数（EVI）和白色天空反照率（WSA）的年际稳定性。有趣的是，2001-2016 年 LST 的标准差普遍低于农村地区（夏季日为 0.994°C，冬季日为 1.577°C）。EVI 和 WSA（冬季）也观察到了类似的结果。结果表明，与农村地区相比，中国北方城市表面对气候变率的敏感性较低。相比之下，在炎热潮湿的中国南方，这些发现的证据较少。尽管未来全球可能会变暖或变冷，但城市表面的不敏感性可能会减轻其对寒冷干燥的北方地区的影响。然而，这并不意味着由于城市化带来的环境问题，城市化就完全是好事。
