Kako Mayumi, Hammad Karen, Mitani Satoko, Arbon Paul
1Flinders University,Torrens Resilience Institute,Adelaide,Australia.
2Gifu University of Medical Science,Seki City Gifu,Japan.
Prehosp Disaster Med. 2018 Apr;33(2):182-190. doi: 10.1017/S1049023X18000043. Epub 2018 Feb 19.
This review was conducted to explore the literature to determine the availability, content, and evaluation of existing chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) education programs for health professionals.
An integrative review of the international literature describing disaster education for CBRN (2004-2016) was conducted. The following relevant databases were searched: Proquest, Pubmed, Science Direct, Scopus, Journals @ OVID, Google Scholar, Medline, and Ichuschi ver. 5 (Japanese database for health professionals). The search terms used were: "disaster," "chemical," "biological," "radiological," "nuclear," "CBRN," "health professional education," and "method." The following Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms, "education," "nursing," "continuing," "disasters," "disaster planning," and "bioterrorism," were used wherever possible and appropriate. The retrieved articles were narratively analyzed according to availability, content, and method. The content was thematically analyzed to provide an overview of the core content of the training.
The literature search identified 619 potentially relevant articles for this study. Duplicates (n=104) were removed and 87 articles were identified for title review. In total, 67 articles were discarded, yielding 20 articles for all-text review, following 11 studies were retained for analysis, including one Japanese study. All articles published in English were from the USA, apart from the two studies located in Japan and Sweden. The most typical content in the selected literature was CBRN theory (n=11), followed by studies based on incident command (n=8), decontamination (n=7), disaster management (n=7), triage (n=7), personal protective equipment (PPE) use (n = 5), and post-training briefing (n=3).
While the CBRN training course requires the participants to gain specific skills and knowledge, proposed training courses should be effectively constructed to include approaches such as scenario-based simulations, depending on the participants' needs. Kako M , Hammad K , Mitani S , Arbon P . Existing approaches to chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) education and training for health professionals: findings from an integrative literature review. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2018;33(2):182-190.
进行本综述以探究文献，确定针对卫生专业人员的现有化学、生物、放射和核（CBRN）教育项目的可用性、内容和评估情况。
对描述CBRN灾难教育的国际文献（2004 - 2016年）进行综合综述。检索了以下相关数据库：Proquest、Pubmed、Science Direct、Scopus、Journals @ OVID、谷歌学术、Medline和Ichuschi ver. 5（日本卫生专业人员数据库）。使用的检索词为：“灾难”“化学”“生物”“放射”“核”“CBRN”“卫生专业人员教育”和“方法”。尽可能适当地使用了以下医学主题词（MeSH）：“教育”“护理”“继续”“灾难”“灾难规划”和“生物恐怖主义”。根据可用性、内容和方法对检索到的文章进行叙述性分析。对内容进行主题分析以概述培训的核心内容。
文献检索为本研究确定了619篇潜在相关文章。去除重复项（n = 104）后，确定87篇文章进行标题审查。总共丢弃67篇文章，得到20篇文章进行全文审查，随后保留11项研究进行分析，包括1项日本研究。除了位于日本和瑞典的两项研究外，所有英文发表的文章均来自美国。所选文献中最典型的内容是CBRN理论（n = 11），其次是基于 incident command的研究（n = 8）、去污（n = 7）、灾难管理（n = 7）、分诊（n = 7）、个人防护装备（PPE）使用（n = 5）和培训后简报（n = 3）。
虽然CBRN培训课程要求参与者获得特定技能和知识，但应根据参与者的需求，有效地构建拟议的培训课程，使其包括基于情景模拟等方法。Kako M, Hammad K, Mitani S, Arbon P. 针对卫生专业人员的化学、生物、放射和核（CBRN）教育与培训的现有方法：综合文献综述的结果。《院前灾难医学》。2018；33(2)：182 - 190。
