University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC- Centre for Advance Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC- Centre for Advance Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2018 Mar;28(3):341-352. doi: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2018.01.007. Epub 2018 Feb 16.
Pruritus is a concomitant symptom of various underlying disorders viz. dermatological, systemic and psychiatric disorders that provoke the person to scratch the skin. Many natural as well as, antipruritic therapies are usually practiced in the treatment of pruritus including general preventive measures, topical therapies such as cooling agents, antihistamines, anesthetics, capsaicin, corticosteroids, immunomodulators and; systemic therapies including administration of antihistamines, opioid antagonists/agonists, antiepileptic drugs/neuroleptics (e.g., gabapentin and pregabalin), antidepressants (e.g., doxepin, amitriptyline, paroxetine, fluvoxamine, sertraline, escitalopram and mirtazapine) (Patel and Yosipovitch, 2010; Reich et al., 2011; Martín and Padilla, 2015; Eskeland et al., 2016). Topical therapies are the mainstay of treatment of delicate and localized pruritus while other systemic drug therapies are used to treat stern and generalized pruritus. The reported antipruritic activity of some antidepressant drugs has intrigued this review to focus on the types of pruritus, pruritus mechanism, the antipruritic mechanism of antidepressants and to comprehend the role of antidepressants in the management of pruritus.
瘙痒是各种潜在疾病的伴随症状，如皮肤病、系统性和精神障碍，这些疾病会促使患者搔抓皮肤。许多天然的和止痒的治疗方法通常用于治疗瘙痒，包括一般预防措施、局部治疗，如冷却剂、抗组胺药、麻醉剂、辣椒素、皮质类固醇、免疫调节剂等；全身治疗包括给予抗组胺药、阿片受体拮抗剂/激动剂、抗癫痫药/神经安定药（如加巴喷丁和普瑞巴林）、抗抑郁药（如多塞平、阿米替林、帕罗西汀、氟伏沙明、舍曲林、艾司西酞普兰和米氮平）（Patel 和 Yosipovitch，2010； Reich 等人，2011；Martín 和 Padilla，2015；Eskeland 等人，2016）。局部治疗是治疗敏感和局部瘙痒的主要方法，而其他全身药物治疗则用于治疗严重和全身性瘙痒。一些抗抑郁药的止痒活性引起了人们的兴趣，促使本综述关注瘙痒的类型、瘙痒机制、抗抑郁药的止痒机制，并理解抗抑郁药在瘙痒管理中的作用。
