Gruber Leonhard, Terler Georg, Knaus Wilhelm
a Agricultural Research and Education Centre Raumberg-Gumpenstein , Institute of Livestock Research , Irdning-Donnersbachtal , Austria.
b Department of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, Division of Livestock Sciences , University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences , Vienna , Austria.
Arch Anim Nutr. 2018 Apr;72(2):121-137. doi: 10.1080/1745039X.2018.1436665.
Since maize silage is an important forage in cattle nutrition, it is important to know its nutritive value. Much effort is put into breeding maize, and several new varieties are introduced on the market every year. This requires periodical analyses of the nutritive value of current maize varieties for the formulation of cattle rations. The aim of this study was to examine the nutritive value of whole crop maize silage (WCMS) from nine maize varieties in 3 consecutive years. For the analysis of nutrient composition and ruminal degradability of organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fibre (aNDFom) and non-fibre carbohydrates (NFC), varieties were harvested at three harvest dates (50%, 55% and 60% dry matter content in ear). Due to capacity limitations, the digestibility of WCMS was tested only for the middle harvest date. The CP and acid detergent fibre (ADFom) content was affected (p < 0.05) while aNDFom and NFC content was not influenced by variety. With advancing maturity, CP, aNDFom and ADFom content declined while NFC content increased. Variety influenced effective ruminal degradability (ED) of nutrients, except for CP. The ED of all examined nutrients decreased as maturity advanced from first to third harvest date. Digestibility of OM, ADFom and NFC was significantly and digestibility of aNDFom was tendentially (p = 0.064) influenced by variety. Additionally, an effect of year and a harvest date × year interaction was found for almost all examined parameters. In conclusion, variety, harvest date and year influence the nutritive value of WCMS. A comparison with earlier studies shows that current varieties have a higher fibre digestibility and a slower-ripening stover compared to older varieties.
由于玉米青贮饲料是牛营养中的重要饲料，了解其营养价值很重要。人们在玉米育种方面投入了大量精力，每年都有几个新品种投放市场。这就需要定期分析当前玉米品种的营养价值，以便配制牛饲料。本研究的目的是连续三年检测9个玉米品种的全株玉米青贮饲料（WCMS）的营养价值。为了分析有机物质（OM）、粗蛋白（CP）、中性洗涤纤维（aNDFom）和非纤维碳水化合物（NFC）的营养成分和瘤胃降解率，在三个收获日期（穗干物质含量分别为50%、55%和60%）收获品种。由于容量限制，仅对中间收获日期的WCMS消化率进行了测试。CP和酸性洗涤纤维（ADFom）含量受品种影响（p<0.05），而aNDFom和NFC含量不受品种影响。随着成熟度的提高，CP、aNDFom和ADFom含量下降，而NFC含量增加。除CP外，品种影响营养物质的有效瘤胃降解率（ED）。从第一次收获到第三次收获，随着成熟度的提高所有检测营养物质的ED均下降。品种显著影响OM、ADFom和NFC的消化率，aNDFom的消化率有受品种影响的趋势（p = 0.064）。此外，几乎所有检测参数都发现了年份效应以及收获日期×年份的交互作用。总之，品种、收获日期和年份会影响WCMS的营养价值。与早期研究的比较表明，与老品种相比，当前品种具有更高的纤维消化率和成熟较慢的茎杆。
