Everhart Robin S, Borschuk Adrienne P, Miadich Samantha A, Barsell Jeremy, Heron Kristin E
Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.
Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH.
Am J Health Behav. 2018 Mar 1;42(2):50-60. doi: 10.5993/AJHB.42.2.5.
In this study, we used ecological momentary assessment (EMA) delivered via smart- phones to determine how the daily experiences (comfort in neighborhood, ability to manage child's asthma, positive/negative affect) of 59 caregivers (90% African-American/black) living in an urban setting are associated with asthma symptoms in children ages 7-12 years (M = 9.56 years).
Caregivers and their children with asthma completed a baseline research ses- sion, followed by 14 days of EMA surveys completed on smartphones. EMA enables researchers to examine within-person processes while preserving the ecological validity of the data and re- ducing retrospective recall bias.
On days when caregivers reported more child asthma symptoms, they also reported feeling less comfortable in their neighborhoods and less able to control their child's asthma at home. Baseline reports of caregiver quality of life were also associ- ated with child asthma symptoms.
Findings highlight the need for researchers and clinicians to recognize that both asthma (ie, ability to control asthma) and non-asthma related factors (ie, factors related to neighborhoods) may be associated with caregivers' perceptions of their children's asthma symptoms. Perceptions of child symptoms have important consequences for daily asthma care, including decisions related to healthcare utilization.
在本研究中，我们使用通过智能手机进行的生态瞬时评估（EMA），以确定居住在城市环境中的59名照顾者（90%为非裔美国人/黑人）的日常经历（邻里舒适度、管理孩子哮喘的能力、积极/消极情绪）如何与7至12岁儿童（平均年龄9.56岁）的哮喘症状相关联。
照顾者及其患有哮喘的孩子完成了一次基线研究环节，随后通过智能手机完成了为期14天的EMA调查。EMA使研究人员能够在保持数据生态效度并减少回顾性回忆偏差的同时，研究个体内部的过程。
在照顾者报告孩子哮喘症状较多的日子里，他们还报告在邻里中感觉不太舒适，并且在家中控制孩子哮喘的能力较低。照顾者生活质量的基线报告也与孩子的哮喘症状相关。
研究结果强调，研究人员和临床医生需要认识到，哮喘（即控制哮喘的能力）和非哮喘相关因素（即与邻里相关的因素）都可能与照顾者对其孩子哮喘症状的认知有关。对孩子症状的认知对日常哮喘护理有重要影响，包括与医疗保健利用相关的决策。
