Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States.
Curr Opin Virol. 2018 Feb;28:161-166. doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2018.01.006. Epub 2018 Feb 20.
The immune response to CMV is characterized by extremely large T cell and antibody responses that persist for a lifetime, but do not prevent superinfection with other CMV strains. This makes generation of a vaccine against CMV very difficult, but has facilitated development of CMV-vectored vaccines, which have shown promise in mouse tumor models and in monkey models of infectious disease. The serendipitous use of a mutant rhesus CMV vector for the SIV vaccine elicited extraordinary, CD8 T cell responses restricted by MHCII and non-classical MHCI molecules which apparently provide protection against SIV. CMV-specific CD8 T cell responses in the mouse model are driven by antigen and live out their lives primarily within the intravascular compartment.
巨细胞病毒的免疫反应表现为极其强烈的 T 细胞和抗体反应，这些反应会持续一生，但并不能预防其他巨细胞病毒株的再次感染。这使得针对巨细胞病毒的疫苗的研发变得非常困难，但却为巨细胞病毒载体疫苗的开发提供了便利，这类疫苗在小鼠肿瘤模型和猴感染性疾病模型中显示出了良好的前景。在 SIV 疫苗研发中偶然使用了一种突变的恒河猴巨细胞病毒载体，引发了非凡的 CD8 T 细胞反应，这些反应受到 MHCII 和非经典 MHCI 分子的限制，显然能提供针对 SIV 的保护。在小鼠模型中，巨细胞病毒特异性 CD8 T 细胞反应由抗原驱动，并主要在血管内环境中生存。
