沙漠蒿（Artemisia herba-alba）——从阿拉伯民间医学到防治蚊虫传病媒介的绿色高效纳米杀虫剂的新来源。

The desert wormwood (Artemisia herba-alba) - From Arabian folk medicine to a source of green and effective nanoinsecticides against mosquito vectors.

机构信息

Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.

出版信息

J Photochem Photobiol B. 2018 Mar;180:225-234. doi: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.02.012. Epub 2018 Feb 11.

DOI:10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.02.012

Abstract

The development of eco-friendly and effective insecticides is crucial for public health worldwide. Herein, we focused on the desert wormwood (Artemisia herba-alba), a plant widely used in Arabian traditional medicine, as a source of green nanoinsecticides against mosquito vectors, as well as growth inhibitors to be employed against microbial pathogens. Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) fabricated with the A. herba-alba extract were tested on Indian and Saudi Arabian strains of Anopheles, Aedes and Culex mosquitoes. The chemical profile of the A. herba-alba extract was determined by LC-DAD-MS and H NMR studies. Then, AgNPs were studied using UV-vis spectroscopy, XRD, FTIR spectroscopy, TEM, and EDX analyses. Artemisia herba-alba-synthesized AgNPs showed high larvicidal toxicity against mosquitoes from both Indian and Saudi Arabian strains. LC of AgNPs against Indian strains was 9.76 μg/ml for An. stephensi, 10.70 μg/ml for Ae. aegypti and 11.43 μg/ml for Cx. quinquefasciatus, whereas against Saudi Arabian strains it was 33.58 μg/ml for Ae. aegypti and 38.06 μg/ml for Cx. pipiens. In adulticidal experiments, A. herba-alba extract showed LC ranging from 293.02 to 450 μg/ml, while AgNP LC ranged from 8.22 to 27.39 μg/ml. Further, low doses of the AgNPs inhibited the growth of selected microbial pathogens. Overall, A. herba-alba can be further considered as a source of phytochemicals, with special reference to saponins, for effective and prompt fabrication of AgNPs with relevant insecticidal and bactericidal activity against species of high public health importance.

摘要

开发环保且有效的杀虫剂对于全球公共卫生至关重要。在此，我们专注于沙漠蒿（Artemisia herba-alba），这是一种广泛用于阿拉伯传统医学的植物，可作为针对蚊子传播媒介的绿色纳米杀虫剂的来源，以及用于抑制微生物病原体的生长抑制剂。用沙漠蒿提取物制备的银纳米颗粒（AgNPs）在印度和沙特阿拉伯的疟蚊、伊蚊和库蚊种群中进行了测试。通过 LC-DAD-MS 和 1H NMR 研究确定了沙漠蒿提取物的化学特征。然后，通过 UV-vis 光谱、XRD、FTIR 光谱、TEM 和 EDX 分析研究了 AgNPs。沙漠蒿合成的 AgNPs 对来自印度和沙特阿拉伯的蚊子均表现出高的幼虫毒性。AgNPs 对印度种群的 LC 为 An. stephensi 的 9.76μg/ml、Ae. aegypti 的 10.70μg/ml 和 Cx. quinquefasciatus 的 11.43μg/ml，而对沙特阿拉伯种群的 LC 为 Ae. aegypti 的 33.58μg/ml 和 Cx. pipiens 的 38.06μg/ml。在成虫杀蚊实验中，沙漠蒿提取物的 LC 范围为 293.02 至 450μg/ml，而 AgNP 的 LC 范围为 8.22 至 27.39μg/ml。此外，AgNPs 的低剂量抑制了所选微生物病原体的生长。总体而言，沙漠蒿可进一步被视为植物化学物质的来源，特别是皂苷，可有效且快速地制备具有相关杀虫和杀菌活性的 AgNPs，对具有重要公共卫生意义的物种具有重要意义。