Žanić Katja, Dumičić Gvozden, Mandušić Marija, Vuletin Selak Gabriela, Bočina Ivana, Urlić Branimir, Ljubenkov Ivica, Bučević Popović Viljemka, Goreta Ban Smiljana
Department of Applied Sciences, Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation, Split, Croatia.
Department of Plant Sciences, Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation, Split, Croatia.
Front Plant Sci. 2018 Feb 5;9:86. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00086. eCollection 2018.
is one of the most devastating pests in tomato greenhouse production. Insecticide resistance management for requires a novel approach that maximizes non-chemical methods for pest control. The aim of this study was to test the effects of rootstocks on populations in hydroponically grown tomato plants. In order to contribute to the better understanding of the mechanisms defining the attractiveness of plant to the aerial pest, the effects of rootstocks on leaf anatomy and the amino acid composition of phloem sap were assessed. A two-factorial experimental design was adopted using cultivars (rootstock cultivars and Clarabella) grown as either non-grafted or grafted with cultivar Clarabella as a scion. The rootstock cultivars included Arnold, Buffon, Emperador, and Maxifort. A reduction in density was observed using all rootstock cultivars. The number of adult individuals per leaf was 2.7-5.4 times lower on rootstock cultivars than on Clarabella. The number of large nymphs per square centimeter was at least 24% higher on non-grafted Clarabella compared with all other treatments. The leaf lamina thickness and mesophyll thickness were lower in self-grafted Clarabella than in non-grafted or in one grafted on rootstock cultivars; however, the extent of this reduction depended on the rootstock. The leaves with thinner laminae were generally less attractive to . Eighteen amino acids were detected in the exudates of phloem sap. In all treatments, the most abundant amino acid was γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), followed by proline, serine, alanine, and histidine. The scion cultivar Clarabella was the most attractive to and had a higher content of leucine than did rootstock cultivars, and a higher content of lysine compared to Buffon and Maxifort. The features modified by rootstock such are changes in leaf anatomy can affect the attractiveness of plants to . Thus, the grafting of tomato could constitute a valuable tool in an integrated management strategy against this aerial pest.
是番茄温室生产中最具破坏性的害虫之一。对其进行抗杀虫剂管理需要一种新颖的方法，即最大限度地采用非化学方法进行害虫防治。本研究的目的是测试砧木对水培番茄植株上该害虫种群的影响。为了有助于更好地理解决定植物对该气生害虫吸引力的机制，评估了砧木对叶片解剖结构和韧皮部汁液氨基酸组成的影响。采用双因素实验设计，使用品种（砧木品种和克拉拉贝拉），分别以非嫁接形式种植或以克拉拉贝拉品种作为接穗进行嫁接种植。砧木品种包括阿诺德、布冯、帝王和马克西福特。使用所有砧木品种均观察到该害虫密度降低。与克拉拉贝拉相比，砧木品种上每片叶子的成虫个体数量低2.7 - 5.4倍。与所有其他处理相比，非嫁接的克拉拉贝拉上每平方厘米的大龄若虫数量至少高出24%。自嫁接的克拉拉贝拉的叶片厚度和叶肉厚度低于非嫁接的或嫁接在砧木品种上的；然而，这种降低的程度取决于砧木。叶片较薄的叶子通常对该害虫的吸引力较小。在韧皮部汁液渗出物中检测到18种氨基酸。在所有处理中，最丰富的氨基酸是γ-氨基丁酸（GABA），其次是脯氨酸、丝氨酸、丙氨酸和组氨酸。接穗品种克拉拉贝拉对该害虫最具吸引力，其亮氨酸含量高于砧木品种，赖氨酸含量高于布冯和马克西福特。砧木改变的特征，如叶片解剖结构的变化，会影响植物对该害虫的吸引力。因此，番茄嫁接可成为针对这种气生害虫的综合管理策略中的一种有价值工具。
