Wimberly Alexandra S, Hyatt Jordan M, McKay James R
Social Intervention Group, School of Social Work and Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Department of Criminology and Justice Studies, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Behav Sci Law. 2018 Jan;36(1):116-129. doi: 10.1002/bsl.2330.
While continuing care for substance use treatment has been associated with reduced involvement in the criminal justice system, much of this research lacks random assignment to continuing care and so is limited by self-selection bias. This study sought to determine the impact of adding telephone-based continuing care to intensive outpatient programs on criminal justice outcomes for people with cocaine dependence. In three continuing care studies, spanning 1998-2008, participants were randomly assigned to an intensive outpatient program or an intensive outpatient program plus a telephone-based continuing care intervention. Cocaine-dependent participants from these three studies were included in the analyses, with outcomes derived from a dataset of jurisdiction-wide criminal sentences from a state sentencing agency. Multiple logistic regression was employed to examine the odds of a criminal conviction occurring in the 4 years after enrollment in a continuing care study. The results showed that, controlling for a criminal sentence in the previous year, gender, age, and continuing care study, people with cocaine dependence randomized to an intensive outpatient program plus a telephone-based continuing care intervention had 54% lower odds (p = 0.05, odds ratio = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.20-1.02) of a criminal sentence in the 4 years after enrollment in the continuing care study, compared with those randomized to an intensive outpatient program alone. We can conclude that adding telephone monitoring and counseling to intensive outpatient programs is associated with fewer criminal convictions over a 4-year follow-up period compared with intensive outpatient programs alone.
虽然持续护理用于物质使用治疗与减少参与刑事司法系统有关，但这项研究大多缺乏对持续护理的随机分配，因此受到自我选择偏差的限制。本研究旨在确定在强化门诊项目中增加电话持续护理对可卡因依赖者刑事司法结果的影响。在1998年至2008年的三项持续护理研究中，参与者被随机分配到强化门诊项目或强化门诊项目加电话持续护理干预组。这三项研究中依赖可卡因的参与者被纳入分析，结果来自一个州量刑机构的全辖区刑事判决数据集。采用多元逻辑回归分析来检验在持续护理研究入组后4年内发生刑事定罪的几率。结果显示，在前一年的刑事判决、性别、年龄和持续护理研究得到控制的情况下，与仅被随机分配到强化门诊项目的人相比，被随机分配到强化门诊项目加电话持续护理干预组的可卡因依赖者在持续护理研究入组后4年内被刑事判决的几率低54%（p = 0.05，优势比 = 0.46，95%置信区间：0.20 - 1.02）。我们可以得出结论，与仅采用强化门诊项目相比，在强化门诊项目中增加电话监测和咨询与4年随访期内刑事定罪减少有关。
