Research Unit, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosio Villegas", Calzada de Tlalpan 4502, Colonia Sección XVI, 14080 Mexico City, Mexico.
Unidad de Investigación en Biomedicina (UBIMED), Cancer Epigenomics and Lung Disease Laboratory 12, Facultad de Estudios Superiores (FES)-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida de los Barrios #1 Colonia los Reyes Iztacala, 54090 Mexico City, Mexico.
Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Feb 17;19(2):595. doi: 10.3390/ijms19020595.
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare but aggressive tumor that originates in the pleura, is diagnosed in advanced stages and has a poor prognosis. Accurate diagnosis of MPM is often difficult and complex, and the gold standard diagnosis test is based on qualitative analysis of markers in pleural tissue by immunohistochemical staining. Therefore, it is necessary to develop quantitative and non-subjective alternative diagnostic tools. MicroRNAs are non-coding RNAs that regulate essential cellular mechanisms at the post-transcriptional level. Recent evidence indicates that miRNA expression in tissue and body fluids is aberrant in various tumors, revealing miRNAs as promising diagnostic biomarkers. This review summarizes evidence regarding secreted and tissue miRNAs as biomarkers of MPM and the biological characteristics associated with their potential diagnostic value. In addition to studies regarding miRNAs with potential diagnostic value for MPM, studies that aimed to identify the miRNAs involved in molecular mechanisms associated with MPM development are described with an emphasis on relevant aspects of the experimental designs that may influence the accuracy, consistency and real diagnostic value of currently reported data.
恶性胸膜间皮瘤（MPM）是一种罕见但具有侵袭性的肿瘤，起源于胸膜，在晚期诊断，预后不良。MPM 的准确诊断通常很困难且复杂，金标准诊断测试基于免疫组织化学染色对胸膜组织中标志物的定性分析。因此，有必要开发定量和非主观的替代诊断工具。microRNAs 是非编码 RNA，可在转录后水平调节重要的细胞机制。最近的证据表明，组织和体液中的 miRNA 表达在各种肿瘤中异常，揭示了 miRNA 作为有前途的诊断生物标志物。这篇综述总结了关于作为 MPM 生物标志物的分泌型和组织型 miRNA 的证据，以及与它们潜在诊断价值相关的生物学特征。除了关于具有 MPM 潜在诊断价值的 miRNA 的研究外，还描述了旨在识别与 MPM 发展相关的分子机制中涉及的 miRNA 的研究，重点介绍了可能影响当前报告数据的准确性、一致性和实际诊断价值的实验设计的相关方面。
