Edwards Meghan K, Shivappa Nitin, Mann Joshua R, Hébert James R, Wirth Michael D, Loprinzi Paul D
a Physical Activity Epidemiology Laboratory, Exercise Psychology Laboratory, Department of Health, Exercise Science and Recreation Management , University of Mississippi , Oxford , USA.
b Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The Cancer Prevention and Control Program , University of South Carolina, Connecting Health Innovations, LLC , Columbia , USA.
Phys Sportsmed. 2018 May;46(2):249-254. doi: 10.1080/00913847.2018.1443665. Epub 2018 Feb 22.
Both diet and physical activity have been shown to be associated with reduced risk for mortality. The current study examined the individual and combined effects of the inflammatory quality of diet and physical activity levels on mortality risk.
Data from the 1999-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used (N = 10,610 adults 20-85 years). Participants were followed through 2011, entailing a median follow-up time of 9.6 yrs. Dietary patterns were assessed using the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®), with a higher score indicative of greater diet-related inflammation. Habitual physical activity was assessed via a 30-day recall of leisure-time physical activity as well as objectively via up to seven days of accelerometry assessment. Four lifestyle groups were created: 1) unfavorable DII and inactive (referent); 2) unfavorable DII and active; 3) favorable DII and inactive; and 4) favorable DII and active.
Those who had a low DII score (favorable) and who self-reported being active had a 39% reduced hazard of all-cause mortality (HR = 0.61; 95% CI: 0.49-0.76) when compared to those with a higher DII and were inactive. Results based on accelerometer-assessed physical activity indicate a 65% reduced hazard (HR = 0.35; 95% CI: 0.17-0.74). DII and physical activity also were individually associated with mortality in the expected direction. Specifically, DII was positively associated (HR = 1.08; 95% CI: 1.04-1.13) and physical activity inversely associated (HR = 0.97; 95% CI: 0.94-0.99) with all-cause mortality risk.
The combination of consuming a more anti-inflammatory diet and having adequate levels of physical activity is associated with a reduced risk of mortality. Additional replicative work is warranted.
饮食和身体活动均已被证明与降低死亡风险有关。本研究探讨了饮食的炎症性质和身体活动水平对死亡风险的个体及综合影响。
使用了1999 - 2004年国家健康与营养检查调查的数据（N = 10,610名20 - 85岁的成年人）。对参与者随访至2011年，中位随访时间为9.6年。使用饮食炎症指数（DII®）评估饮食模式，得分越高表明与饮食相关的炎症越大。通过对休闲时间身体活动进行30天回忆以及通过长达七天的加速度计评估客观地评估习惯性身体活动。创建了四个生活方式组：1）不良DII且不活跃（参照组）；2）不良DII且活跃；3）良好DII且不活跃；4）良好DII且活跃。
与DII较高且不活跃的人相比，DII得分低（良好）且自我报告活跃的人全因死亡率风险降低39%（风险比[HR] = 0.61；95%置信区间[CI]：0.49 - 0.76）。基于加速度计评估的身体活动结果表明风险降低65%（HR = 0.35；95% CI：0.17 - 0.74）。DII和身体活动也分别与死亡率呈预期方向相关。具体而言，DII与全因死亡率风险呈正相关（HR = 1.08；95% CI：1.04 - 1.13），而身体活动与之呈负相关（HR = 0.97；95% CI：0.94 - 0.99）。
食用更具抗炎性的饮食并进行适当水平的身体活动相结合与降低死亡风险相关。需要更多重复性研究。
