a Nanomedicine Lab, Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Heath , University of Manchester , UK.
Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2018 Apr;15(4):335-349. doi: 10.1080/17425247.2018.1444601. Epub 2018 Mar 1.
The development of therapeutics for central nervous system (CNS) disorders is still considered a challenging area in drug development due to insufficient translocation through the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Under normal conditions, BBB restrict the penetration of more than 98% of blood-borne molecules including drugs to the CNS. However, recent research findings have proven that the nature of the BBB is altered in several neurological conditions. This complexity encourages revisiting drug delivery strategies to the CNS as this can give a wide range of opportunities for CNS drug development.
This review focuses on nanotechnology-based drug delivery platforms designed for selective recruitment into the lesioned brain by taking advantages of BBB disruption that is associated with certain neurological conditions.
Current CNS therapeutic strategies do not fully address the pathophysiological adaptation of BBB in their design. The lack of selective delivery to the brain lesions has been the culprit behind the failure of many CNS therapeutics. This highlighted the need for smart designs of advanced drug delivery systems that take advantage of BBB structural changes in CNS diseases. Recently, promising examples have been reported in this area, however, more work is still required beyond the preclinical testing.
由于血脑屏障（BBB）对药物的通透性不足，中枢神经系统（CNS）疾病的治疗药物的开发仍然被认为是药物开发中的一个具有挑战性的领域。在正常情况下，BBB 限制了超过 98%的血液源性分子（包括药物）穿透到中枢神经系统。然而，最近的研究发现证明，在几种神经疾病中，BBB 的性质发生了改变。这种复杂性鼓励重新审视向中枢神经系统输送药物的策略，因为这为中枢神经系统药物的开发提供了广泛的机会。
本综述专注于基于纳米技术的药物输送平台，这些平台旨在通过利用与某些神经疾病相关的 BBB 破坏来选择性地招募受损的大脑。
目前的中枢神经系统治疗策略在设计中并没有充分考虑 BBB 的病理生理适应性。缺乏对脑损伤的选择性输送是许多中枢神经系统治疗失败的罪魁祸首。这凸显了需要设计智能的先进药物输送系统，利用中枢神经系统疾病中 BBB 的结构变化。最近，在这一领域已经有了有前景的例子，但在进行临床前测试之外，还需要做更多的工作。
