IFT Institute for Therapy Research, Munich, Germany; Institute for Psychology, Hildesheim University, Germany; Centre for Social Research on Alcohol and Drugs (SoRAD), Stockholm University, Sweden.
Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2018 Jan 26;115(4):49-55. doi: 10.3238/arztebl.2018.0049.
The abuse of new psychoactive substances (NPS) and methamphetamine has severe adverse effects. Here we provide the first report of regional patterns in NPS and methamphetamine consumption in Germany, on the basis of epidemiologic data from six federal states (Bavaria, Hamburg, Hesse, North Rhine-Westphalia, Saxony, and Thuringia).
Data were derived from the 2015 Epidemiological Survey of Substance Abuse (Epidemiologischer Suchtsurvey) and supplemented with additional cases from the federal states that were studied. The numbers of persons included in the representative samples of persons aged 18 to 64 in each state were 1916 (Bavaria), 1125 (Hamburg), 1151 (Hesse), 2008 (North Rhine-Westphalia), 1897 (Saxony), and 1543 (Thuringia). Potential risk factors for the lifetime prevalence of consumption were studied by logistic regression.
The lifetime prevalence of methamphetamine consumption in the individual states ranged from 0.3% (North Rhine-Westphalia) to 2.0% (Saxony). Thuringia and Saxony displayed values that were significantly higher than average. For NPS, the figures ranged from 2.2% (Bavaria) to 3.9% (Hamburg), but multivariate analysis revealed no statistically significant differences between the states. Higher age and higher educational level were associated with lower consumption of NPS and methamphetamine, while smoking and cannabis use were each associated with higher consumption.
NPS consumption is equally widespread in all of the federal states studied. Methamphetamine is rarely consumed; its consumption appears to be higher in Saxony and Thuringia. The risk factor analysis reported here should be interpreted cautiously in view of the low case numbers with respect to consumption.
新精神活性物质（NPS）和甲基苯丙胺的滥用会产生严重的不良影响。在此，我们根据来自六个联邦州（巴伐利亚州、汉堡、黑森州、北莱茵-威斯特法伦州、萨克森州和图林根州）的流行病学数据，首次报告了德国 NPS 和甲基苯丙胺消费的地区模式。
数据来自 2015 年《流行病学药物滥用调查》（Epidemiologischer Suchtsurvey），并辅以所研究的联邦州的其他病例。每个州年龄在 18 至 64 岁的代表性样本中包含的人数分别为 1916 人（巴伐利亚州）、1125 人（汉堡）、1151 人（黑森州）、2008 人（北莱茵-威斯特法伦州）、1897 人（萨克森州）和 1543 人（图林根州）。通过逻辑回归研究了一生中消费的潜在风险因素。
各联邦州一生中甲基苯丙胺消费的流行率在 0.3%（北莱茵-威斯特法伦州）至 2.0%（萨克森州）之间不等。图林根州和萨克森州的数值明显高于平均值。对于 NPS，数字范围从 2.2%（巴伐利亚州）到 3.9%（汉堡），但多变量分析显示各州之间没有统计学上的显著差异。较高的年龄和较高的教育水平与 NPS 和甲基苯丙胺的低消费相关，而吸烟和大麻的使用与较高的消费相关。
在所研究的联邦州中，NPS 的消费同样普遍。甲基苯丙胺很少被消费；在萨克森州和图林根州的消费似乎更高。鉴于消费病例数量较低，此处报告的风险因素分析应谨慎解释。
