Yun Fan, Hui-Fang Li, Min-Yuan Shen
Wuxi Ninth People's Hospital, Wuxi No. 9 Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Jiangsu Province, Wuxi 214063, China.
Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi. 2016 Dec 5;28(6):664-668. doi: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2016244.
To investigate the prevalence of infection and awareness of toxoplasmosis-related knowledge among women with poor pregnant outcomes in Wuxi City.
A total of 217 women with poor pregnant outcomes from Wuxi City during the period of January 2011 to December 2015 were randomly selected as the study subjects (a study group), while 250 women with normal pregnancy were served as controls (a control group). The sero-prevalence of infection was detected by using ELISA and compared between the study and control groups. The awareness of toxoplasmosis-related knowledge was investigated by using a self-designed questionnaire and compared between the study and control groups.
The positive rate of anti- antibody was 30.88% in the study group, which was significantly higher than that (8.8%) in the control group ( = 36.7, < 0.01). The positive rates of anti- IgG and IgM antibodies were 20.74% and 10.14% in the study group respectively, which were significantly higher than those (6% and 2.8%) in the control group ( = 22.53 and 10.74, both values < 0.01). In addition, the positive rates of anti-, anti- IgG and IgM antibodies were significantly higher in the women with missed miscarriage, natural abortion, stillbirth and birth defect than those in the women with normal pregnancy (all values < 0.05). The awareness rates of "Do you hear about or toxoplasmosis?" ( < 0.01), "Do you know that breeding pet cats or dogs may cause infection?" ( < 0.05) and "Do you know that pregnancy women require the detection of infection?" ( < 0.01) were significantly lower in the study group than those in the control group, while no significant differences were seen in the awareness rates of "Do you know that eating hot pot may cause infection?", "Do you know that the use of chopping block in regardless of cooked and uncooked food may cause infection?", "Do you know that infection may transfer from mother to fetus?", "Do you know that infection may cause adverse pregnant outcomes like abortion, stillbirth or fetal abnormalities ?", and "Do you know that the women infected with during pregnancy require treatment?" between the two groups (all values > 0.05).
This study demonstrates higher prevalence of infection in women with poor pregnant outcomes than in those with normal pregnancy in Wuxi City. Considering the harm of infection during pregnancy and the low awareness of toxoplasmosis-related knowledge in pregnant women, the health education of toxoplasmosis-related knowledge should be strengthened, especially for pregnant women, so as to reduce the prevalence of infection among pregnant women to improve the better child-bearing and rearing level.
调查无锡市妊娠结局不良妇女弓形虫感染率及弓形虫相关知识知晓情况。
随机选取2011年1月至2015年12月期间无锡市217例妊娠结局不良妇女作为研究对象（研究组），选取250例正常妊娠妇女作为对照组。采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测两组弓形虫感染血清学阳性率并进行比较。采用自行设计的问卷调查两组弓形虫相关知识知晓情况并进行比较。
研究组抗弓形虫抗体阳性率为30.88%，显著高于对照组的8.8%（χ² = 36.7，P < 0.01）。研究组抗弓形虫IgG和IgM抗体阳性率分别为20.74%和10.14%，显著高于对照组的6%和2.8%（χ²分别为22.53和10.74，P值均< 0.01）。此外，稽留流产、自然流产、死胎及出生缺陷妇女抗弓形虫、抗弓形虫IgG和IgM抗体阳性率显著高于正常妊娠妇女（P值均< 0.05）。研究组“您听说过弓形虫或弓形虫病吗？”（P < 0.01）、“您知道饲养宠物猫或狗可能会导致弓形虫感染吗？”（P < 0.05）及“您知道孕妇需要检测弓形虫感染吗？”（P < 0.01）的知晓率显著低于对照组，而两组间“您知道吃火锅可能会导致弓形虫感染吗？”、“您知道生熟食物共用案板可能会导致弓形虫感染吗？”、“您知道弓形虫感染会母婴传播吗？”、“您知道弓形虫感染会导致流产、死胎或胎儿畸形等不良妊娠结局吗？”及“您知道孕期感染弓形虫的妇女需要治疗吗？”的知晓率比较差异无统计学意义（P值均> 0.05）。
本研究表明，无锡市妊娠结局不良妇女弓形虫感染率高于正常妊娠妇女。鉴于孕期弓形虫感染的危害及孕妇对弓形虫相关知识知晓率低，应加强弓形虫相关知识的健康教育，尤其是针对孕妇，以降低孕妇弓形虫感染率，提高优生优育水平。
