From the Duke Clinical Research Institute, Department of Medicine, and Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina.
ASAIO J. 2018 Mar/Apr;64(2):218-224. doi: 10.1097/MAT.0000000000000629.
Use of durable, continuous-flow left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) has expanded rapidly, although data are limited regarding optimization strategies before LVAD implantation. We examined current use of intra-aortic balloon pumps (IABPs) before LVAD implantation and compared outcomes of patients with IABP use to those without. We analyzed data from the Interagency Registry for Mechanical Assisted Circulatory Support (INTERMACS) on patients who underwent LVAD implantation between 2006 and 2014. We limited the analysis to patients with an admitting diagnosis of LVAD placement. The primary exposure was IABP use within 48 hours before LVAD implantation. We used propensity scores to compare 30 day postoperative outcomes to reduce treatment selection bias. Of 2,446 patients, 433 (18%) received an IABP before LVAD placement. Patients with IABP use, compared with those without, had markers of more advanced disease, including worse renal and liver function, worse right ventricular function, and use of mechanical ventilation (p < 0.05 for all comparisons). A composite outcome of post-operative right heart failure, hepatic dysfunction, renal dysfunction, or death occurred in 83 (19.2%) patients with IABP use, compared with 342 (17.1%) patients without IABP use (unadjusted hazard ratio, 1.13; 95% confidence interval, 0.89-1.44; adjusted hazard ratio, 1.02; 95% confidence interval, 0.78-1.33). IABP use before LVAD placement was common. Despite markers of higher risk in patients with IABP use, we found no significant difference in 30 day outcomes compared to those without. The results suggest that IABP use may mitigate risk of early postoperative adverse outcomes in select patients.
使用耐用的、持续流动的左心室辅助装置(LVAD)的数量迅速增加,尽管在 LVAD 植入之前,有关优化策略的数据有限。我们研究了 LVAD 植入前使用主动脉内球囊泵(IABP)的情况,并比较了使用 IABP 和未使用 IABP 的患者的结局。我们分析了 2006 年至 2014 年间接受 LVAD 植入的 INTERMACS(机械循环支持机构间注册)患者的数据。我们将分析仅限于因 LVAD 植入而入院的患者。主要暴露因素是在 LVAD 植入前 48 小时内使用 IABP。我们使用倾向评分来比较 30 天术后结局,以减少治疗选择偏倚。在 2446 名患者中,433 名(18%)在 LVAD 植入前使用了 IABP。与未使用 IABP 的患者相比,使用 IABP 的患者具有更严重疾病的标志物,包括更差的肾功能和肝功能、更差的右心室功能和使用机械通气(所有比较的 p 值均<0.05)。使用 IABP 的患者中有 83 例(19.2%)发生术后右心衰竭、肝功能障碍、肾功能障碍或死亡的复合结局,而未使用 IABP 的患者中有 342 例(17.1%)(未调整的危险比,1.13;95%置信区间,0.89-1.44;调整的危险比,1.02;95%置信区间,0.78-1.33)。LVAD 植入前使用 IABP 很常见。尽管使用 IABP 的患者存在更高风险的标志物,但与未使用 IABP 的患者相比,我们发现 30 天结局没有显著差异。结果表明,在某些患者中,IABP 的使用可能减轻了术后早期不良结局的风险。