School of Water Conservancy and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
Center for Water Science Research, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
Environ Monit Assess. 2018 Feb 22;190(3):162. doi: 10.1007/s10661-018-6541-6.
Water quality assessment is an important basic work in the development, utilization, management, and protection of water resources, and also a prerequisite for water safety. In this paper, the harmony degree equation (HDE) was introduced into the research of water quality assessment, and a new method for water quality assessment was proposed according to the HDE: by harmony degree equation (WQA-HDE). First of all, the calculation steps and ideas of this method were described in detail, and then, this method with some other important methods of water quality assessment (single factor assessment method, mean-type comprehensive index assessment method, and multi-level gray correlation assessment method) were used to assess the water quality of the Shaying River (the largest tributary of the Huaihe in China). For this purpose, 2 years (2013-2014) dataset of nine water quality variables covering seven monitoring sites, and approximately 189 observations were used to compare and analyze the characteristics and advantages of the new method. The results showed that the calculation steps of WQA-HDE are similar to the comprehensive assessment method, and WQA-HDE is more operational comparing with the results of other water quality assessment methods. In addition, this new method shows good flexibility by setting the judgment criteria value HD of water quality; when HD = 0.8, the results are closer to reality, and more realistic and reliable. Particularly, when HD = 1, the results of WQA-HDE are consistent with the single factor assessment method, both methods are subject to the most stringent "one vote veto" judgment condition. So, WQA-HDE is a composite method that combines the single factor assessment and comprehensive assessment. This research not only broadens the research field of theoretical method system of harmony theory but also promotes the unity of water quality assessment method and can be used for reference in other comprehensive assessment.
水质评价是水资源开发、利用、管理和保护的重要基础工作，也是保障水安全的前提。本文将协调度方程（HDE）引入水质评价研究中，提出了一种基于协调度方程的水质评价新方法：协调度方程水质评价法（WQA-HDE）。首先详细描述了该方法的计算步骤和思路，然后采用该方法与水质评价的一些重要方法（单因子评价法、均值型综合指数评价法和多层次灰色关联评价法）对沙颍河（淮河最大支流）的水质进行了评价。为此，选取了覆盖 7 个监测点的 9 个水质变量的 2 年（2013-2014 年）数据集，约 189 个观测值，比较分析了新方法的特点和优势。结果表明，WQA-HDE 的计算步骤与综合评价法相似，且与其他水质评价方法相比，WQA-HDE 更具可操作性。此外，通过设置水质协调度判断标准值 HD，该新方法具有较好的灵活性；当 HD=0.8 时，结果更接近实际情况，更加真实可靠。特别是当 HD=1 时，WQA-HDE 的结果与单因子评价法一致，两种方法均受最严格的“一票否决”判断条件的限制。因此，WQA-HDE 是一种将单因子评价与综合评价相结合的组合方法。本研究不仅拓宽了协调理论理论方法体系的研究领域，也促进了水质评价方法的统一，可供其他综合评价方法参考。
