Roncero Carlos, de Miguel Adelia, Fumero Ascensión, Abad Alfonso C, Martín Rita, Bethencourt Juan Manuel, Grau-López Lara, Rodríguez-Cintas Laia, Daigre Constanza
Psychiatric Service, University of Salamanca Health Care Complex, Institute of Biomedicine of Salamanca, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
Addiction and Dual Diagnosis Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron-ASPB, Barcelona, Spain.
Front Psychiatry. 2018 Feb 8;9:19. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00019. eCollection 2018.
Comorbidity between personality disorders (PD) and substance-use disorders (SUD) is one of the most common findings in the psychiatric field. The patients with Cluster C disorders present maladjustment traits often characterized by high levels of anxiety. The main aim of this study was to find evidences about higher anxiety and depression prevalence on Cluster C than others Clusters, analyzing similarities and differences within, with other Cluster A and B PD patients and patients without PD.
A total of 822 substance dependent patients (ages18-78; Mean = 38.35, SD = 10.14) completed the structured clinical interview for DSM-IV Axis I and Axis II disorders, Beck Depression Inventory, and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory.
Results supported poly-consumption in Cluster C patients, being greater alcohol consumption as well as abuse of both stimulants and depressants. Anxiety and depression did not show just one pattern for all patients with SUD-Cluster C PD. There was a relation between anxiety and depression for all the groups except for the Dependent-PD.
Interventions should focus on aspects like depression and anxiety more than on the substance consumed.
人格障碍（PD）与物质使用障碍（SUD）之间的共病是精神科领域最常见的发现之一。C类人格障碍患者表现出适应不良的特质，通常以高度焦虑为特征。本研究的主要目的是寻找证据，证明C类人格障碍患者的焦虑和抑郁患病率高于其他类别，分析C类人格障碍患者内部以及与其他A类和B类人格障碍患者及无人格障碍患者之间的异同。
共有822名物质依赖患者（年龄18 - 78岁；平均年龄 = 38.35岁，标准差 = 10.14岁）完成了针对《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版轴I和轴II障碍的结构化临床访谈、贝克抑郁量表以及状态 - 特质焦虑量表。
结果支持C类人格障碍患者存在多种物质使用情况，饮酒量更大，同时存在兴奋剂和抑制剂滥用的情况。对于所有患有物质使用障碍 - C类人格障碍的患者，焦虑和抑郁并非呈现单一模式。除了依赖型人格障碍患者外，所有组的焦虑和抑郁之间均存在关联。
干预措施应更多地关注抑郁和焦虑等方面，而非所使用的物质。
