Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Research on Cancer, Montpellier, France; UMR CNRS/IRD/UM 5290 MIVEGEC, Montpellier, France.
Simon A. Levin Mathematical, Computational and Modeling Sciences Center (SAL MCMSC), Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
Trends Ecol Evol. 2018 Apr;33(4):269-276. doi: 10.1016/j.tree.2018.01.012. Epub 2018 Feb 20.
Evolved dependence is a process through which one species becomes 'dependent' on another following a long evolutionary history of interaction. This happens when adaptations selected in the first species for interacting lead to fitness costs when the second species is not encountered. Evolved dependence is frequent in host-parasite interactions, where hosts may achieve a higher fitness in the presence of the parasite than in its absence. Since oncogenic manifestations are (i) ubiquitous across multicellular life, (ii) involved in parasitic-like interactions with their hosts, and (iii) have effectively driven the selection of numerous adaptations, it is possible that multicellular organisms display evolved dependence in response to oncogenic processes. We provide a comprehensive overview of the topic, including the implications for cancer prevention and treatment.
进化依赖是一个物种在与另一个物种长期相互作用的进化历史之后变得“依赖”另一个物种的过程。当第一种物种为了相互作用而选择的适应在第二种物种不出现时导致适应度成本时，就会发生进化依赖。进化依赖在宿主-寄生虫相互作用中很常见，宿主在寄生虫存在的情况下可能比不存在时具有更高的适应性。由于致癌表现（i）在多细胞生物中普遍存在，（ii）涉及与宿主的类似寄生虫的相互作用，以及（iii）有效地推动了许多适应性的选择，因此多细胞生物可能会对致癌过程产生进化依赖。我们提供了该主题的全面概述，包括对癌症预防和治疗的影响。
