Department of Psychiatry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika 21A, 31-501 Krakow, Poland.
Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.
J Affect Disord. 2018 May;232:83-88. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.02.017. Epub 2018 Feb 16.
Growing number of studies indicates a link between eveningness chronotype, affective temperaments and bipolarity, both in patients with mood disorders and in general population. Given these tripartite associations, we hypothesized that the effect of circadian preferences on the bipolarity may be mediated by the temperamental traits.
The study included 1449 subjects (402 men and 1047 women). They all fulfilled a web-based questionnaire, consisting of the Composite Scale of Morningness (CSM), Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ), Hypomania Checklist-32 (HCL-32) and the Temperament Evaluation of the Memphis, Pisa and San Diego-Autoquestionnaire (TEMPS-A). The role of temperamental traits in the relationship between morningness-eveningness and bipolarity was assessed using mediation analysis.
Morningness is correlated with lower bipolarity measured by the MDQ and HCL-32, and to lower scores of depressive, cyclothymic, irritable and anxious temperaments of the TEMPS-A. There is no significant association between morningness and hyperthymic traits. Cyclothymic and irritable traits are full mediators of the association between chronotype and bipolarity, influencing bipolarity independently from circadian preferences. Depressive and anxious traits are partial mediators of this association, increasing the effect of eveningness on bipolarity.
The indirectness of the findings in the web-based study and disproportion of participants' gender.
Our study confirmed that eveningness is associated with bipolarity. In case of depressive and anxious temperaments, bipolarity is associated stronger with eveningness than with the TEMPS-A scores. On the other hand, cyclothymic and irritable temperaments were associated with bipolarity independently from circadian preferences.
越来越多的研究表明，在情绪障碍患者和普通人群中，夜间型时相、情感气质和双相情感障碍之间存在关联。鉴于这三种关联，我们假设昼夜节律偏好对双相情感障碍的影响可能是由气质特征介导的。
该研究纳入了 1449 名受试者（402 名男性和 1047 名女性）。他们都完成了一个基于网络的问卷，包括综合晨间状态问卷（CSM）、心境障碍问卷（MDQ）、躁狂清单-32（HCL-32）和孟菲斯、比萨和圣地亚哥自动问卷的情绪评估（TEMPS-A）。使用中介分析评估气质特征在晨型-晚型与双相情感障碍之间关系中的作用。
晨型与 MDQ 和 HCL-32 测量的较低双相情感障碍相关，与 TEMPS-A 的抑郁、环性、易激惹和焦虑气质的得分较低相关。晨型与高躁狂特质之间没有显著关联。环性和易激惹特质是时型与双相情感障碍之间关联的完全中介，独立于昼夜节律偏好影响双相情感障碍。抑郁和焦虑特质是这种关联的部分中介，增加了晚型对双相情感障碍的影响。
网络研究结果的间接性和参与者性别比例失调。
我们的研究证实，晚型与双相情感障碍有关。在抑郁和焦虑气质的情况下，双相情感障碍与晚型的关联强于与 TEMPS-A 得分的关联。另一方面，环性和易激惹气质与双相情感障碍有关，独立于昼夜节律偏好。
