Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Department of Psychiatry, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California.
Biol Psychiatry. 2018 Jun 1;83(11):915-923. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2018.01.014. Epub 2018 Jan 31.
Athina Markou and others argue forcefully for the adoption of a "translational-back translational strategy" for central nervous system drug discovery involving novel application of drugs with established safety profiles in proof-of-principle studies in humans, which in turn encourage parallel studies using experimental animals to provide vital data on the neural systems and neuropharmacological mechanisms related to the actions of the candidate drugs. Encouraged by the increasing adoption of drug-development strategies involving reciprocal information exchange between preclinical animal studies and related clinical research programs, this review presents additional compelling examples related to the following: 1) the treatment of cognitive deficits that define attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; 2) the development of fast-acting antidepressants based on promising clinical effects with low doses of the anesthetic ketamine; and 3) new and effective medications for the treatment of substance misuse. In the context of addressing the unmet medical need for new and effective drugs for treatment of mental ill health, now may be the time to launch major new academic-industry consortia committed to open access of all preclinical and clinical data generated by this research.
阿提娜·马库（Athina Markou）等人强烈主张采用“转化前-转化后”策略，用于涉及新型应用药物的中枢神经系统药物发现，这些药物在人类中具有既定的安全性，从而鼓励使用实验动物进行平行研究，提供与候选药物作用相关的神经系统和神经药理学机制的重要数据。由于越来越多的药物开发策略采用了临床前动物研究与相关临床研究项目之间的信息互换来鼓励，本综述提供了更多令人信服的例子，涉及以下内容：1）治疗定义注意力缺陷/多动障碍的认知缺陷；2）基于低剂量麻醉药氯胺酮的有希望的临床效果开发快速抗抑郁药；3）用于治疗物质滥用的新的和有效的药物。在解决新的和有效的治疗精神健康不良的药物的未满足的医疗需求方面，现在可能是时候发起新的主要学术-行业联盟，致力于开放获取这项研究产生的所有临床前和临床数据。
