American Living Organ Donor Network, 40357 Featherbed Lane, Lovettsville, VA, 20180, USA.
Center for Ethical Solutions, Madison, WI, USA.
Int Urol Nephrol. 2020 Dec;52(12):2403-2414. doi: 10.1007/s11255-018-1824-y. Epub 2018 Feb 26.
This article updates the qualitative research on Iran reported in the 2012 article by Tong et al. "The experiences of commercial kidney donors: thematic synthesis of qualitative research" (Tong et al. in Transpl Int 25:1138-1149, 2012). The basic approach used in the Tong et al. article is applied to a more recent and more comprehensive study of Iranian living organ donors, providing a clearer picture of what compensated organ donation is like in Iran since the national government began regulating compensated donation. Iran is the only country in the world where kidney selling is legal, regulated, and subsidized by the national government. This article focuses on three themes: (1) coercion and other pressures to donate, (2) donor satisfaction with their donation experience, and (3) whether donors fear social stigma. We found no evidence of coercion, but 68% of the paid living organ donors interviewed felt pressure to donate due to extreme poverty or other family pressures. Even though 27% of the living kidney donors interviewed said they were satisfied with their donation experience, 74% had complaints about the donation process or its results, including some of the donors who said they were satisfied. In addition, 84% of donors indicated they feared experiencing social stigma because of their kidney donation.
本文更新了 Tong 等人在 2012 年发表的文章“商业肾脏捐献者的经历：定性研究的主题综合”中报告的关于伊朗的定性研究。Tong 等人的文章所采用的基本方法应用于对伊朗活体器官捐献者的一项更新、更全面的研究，更清晰地描绘了自国家政府开始规范补偿性捐赠以来，伊朗的有偿器官捐赠情况。伊朗是世界上唯一一个肾脏买卖合法、受国家政府监管和补贴的国家。本文重点关注三个主题：（1）捐赠的强制和其他压力，（2）捐献者对捐献经历的满意度，（3）捐献者是否担心社会耻辱。我们没有发现任何强制的证据，但 68%接受采访的有偿活体器官捐献者表示，由于极度贫困或其他家庭压力而感到捐赠的压力。尽管 27%接受采访的活体肾脏捐献者表示对他们的捐献经历感到满意，但 74%对捐献过程或结果有怨言，包括一些表示满意的捐献者。此外，84%的捐献者表示他们担心因捐肾而遭受社会耻辱。
