Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2018;1079:87-91. doi: 10.1007/5584_2018_174.
Stem cells exhibit simple and naive cellular features, yet their exact purpose for regenerative medicine continues to elude even the most elegantly designed research paradigms from developmental biology to clinical therapeutics. Based on their capacity to divide indefinitely and their dynamic differentiation into any type of tissue, the advent of transplantable stem cells has offered a potential treatment for aging-related and injury-mediated diseases. Recent laboratory evidence has demonstrated that transplanted human neural stem cells facilitate endogenous reparative mechanisms by initiating multiple regenerative processes in the brain neurogenic areas. Within these highly proliferative niches reside a myriad of potent regenerative molecules, including anti-inflammatory cytokines, proteomes, and neurotrophic factors, altogether representing a biochemical cocktail vital for restoring brain function in the aging and diseased brain. Here, we advance the concept of therapeutically repurposing stem cells not towards cell replacement per se, but rather exploiting the cells' intrinsic properties to serve as the host brain regenerative catalysts.
干细胞表现出简单和原始的细胞特征，但即使是从发育生物学到临床治疗学的最优雅的设计研究范例，它们在再生医学方面的具体用途仍未被揭示。基于其无限分裂的能力以及向任何类型组织的动态分化能力，可移植干细胞的出现为与衰老相关和损伤介导的疾病提供了一种潜在的治疗方法。最近的实验室证据表明，移植的人神经干细胞通过在大脑神经生成区域启动多个再生过程，促进内源性修复机制。在这些高度增殖的龛位中存在着无数强大的再生分子，包括抗炎细胞因子、蛋白质组和神经营养因子，它们共同构成了一种对于恢复衰老和患病大脑的大脑功能至关重要的生化鸡尾酒。在这里，我们提出了将干细胞重新用于治疗的概念，不是为了进行细胞替代本身，而是利用细胞的内在特性作为宿主大脑的再生催化剂。
