Stenson Erin K, Punn Rajesh, Ramsi Musaab, Kache Saraswati
Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Palo Alto, California, USA.
J Ultrasound Med. 2018 Sep;37(9):2225-2233. doi: 10.1002/jum.14574. Epub 2018 Feb 26.
The ability to plot the inferior vena cava (IVC) size on a normal curve for pediatric patients may prove beneficial. First, in patients with normal cardiac anatomy who present in shock, assessing IVC size may be valuable for evaluating the degree of dehydration. Second, in children with heart disease, understanding how a child's IVC size compares to normal could be particularly beneficial for patients with right heart disease. We sought to create normal curves for the IVC and aorta in children younger than 6 years.
Data were gathered from 347 echocardiograms of healthy children younger than 6 years in a retrospective study at a quaternary care children's hospital. From the subcostal long- and short-axis images, maximum diameters in the transverse and longitudinal views were obtained for both the IVC and the aorta.
Both IVC and aortic dimensions increased in a linear fashion and had excellent correlations with the body surface area, body mass, and height (IVC, r = 0.78-0.81; P < .0001; aorta, r = 0.82-0.86; P < .0001).
In children younger than 6 years, the IVC and aorta increase linearly as the children grow. Such normal curves will be beneficial for assessing a pediatric patient's hydration status or right heart function in patients with congenital heart disease.
绘制小儿患者下腔静脉（IVC）大小的正常曲线可能会被证明是有益的。首先，对于心脏解剖结构正常但出现休克的患者，评估IVC大小对于评估脱水程度可能很有价值。其次，对于患有心脏病的儿童，了解儿童的IVC大小与正常情况的比较对于患有右心疾病的患者可能特别有益。我们试图为6岁以下儿童创建IVC和主动脉的正常曲线。
在一家四级医疗儿童医院的一项回顾性研究中，收集了347例6岁以下健康儿童的超声心动图数据。从肋下长轴和短轴图像中，获取IVC和主动脉在横向和纵向视图中的最大直径。
IVC和主动脉的尺寸均呈线性增加，并且与体表面积、体重和身高具有极好的相关性（IVC，r = 0.78 - 0.81；P <.0001；主动脉，r = 0.82 - 0.86；P <.0001）。
在6岁以下儿童中，随着儿童的成长，IVC和主动脉呈线性增加。这样的正常曲线将有助于评估小儿患者的水合状态或先天性心脏病患者的右心功能。
