Carvalho Rafael H, Honorato Danielle C B, Guarnieri Paulo D, Soares Adriana L, Pedrão Mayka R, Oba Alexandre, Paião Fernanda G, Ida Elza I, Shimokomaki Massami
1Graduate Program in Animal Science, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Londrina State University, CEP 86010-951, Londrina, PR PO Box 6001 Brazil.
2Graduate Program in Food Science, Department of Food Science and Technology, Londrina State University, Londrina, PR Brazil.
J Anim Sci Technol. 2018 Jan 22;59:30. doi: 10.1186/s40781-017-0157-1. eCollection 2017.
The poultry industry suffers losses from problems as pale, soft and exudative (PSE), and dark, firm and dry (DFD) meat can develop in meat as a result of short- and long-term stress, respectively. These abnormalities are impacted by pre-slaughter animal welfare.
This work evaluated the effects of open vehicle container microclimate, throughout the 38 ± 10 km journey from the farm to the slaughterhouse, on commercially turkey transported during the Brazilian winter season. The journey was initiated immediately after water bath in truck fitted with portable Kestrel anemometers to measure air ventilation, relative humidity, temperature and ventilation.
The inferior compartments of the middle and rear truck regions showed highest temperature and relative humidity, and lower air ventilation. In addition, the superior compartments of the front truck regions presented lower temperature and wind chill, and highest air ventilation. The breast meat samples from animals located at the inferior compartments of the middle and rear truck regions and subjected to with water bath (WiB) treatment presented highest DFD-like and had lowest PSE-like meat incidence than those from animals located at other compartments within the container. Lower incidence of PSE-like meat was observed in birds without water bath (WoB).
Assessment on turkeys transported under Brazilian southern winter conditions revealed that breast meat quality can be affected by relative humidity, air ventilation, temperature, and transport under subtropical conditions promoting color abnormalities and the formation of simultaneously PSE-like and DFD-like meat.
家禽业因诸如苍白、柔软和渗出性（PSE）以及深色、坚硬和干燥（DFD）肉等问题而遭受损失，这些问题分别是短期和长期应激导致肉中出现的情况。这些异常情况受宰前动物福利的影响。
本研究评估了在巴西冬季，从农场到屠宰场全程38±10公里的敞篷车辆集装箱小气候对商业运输火鸡的影响。在装有便携式凯斯特勒风速仪的卡车中进行水浴后立即出发，以测量空气流通、相对湿度、温度和通风情况。
卡车中部和后部区域的下层车厢温度和相对湿度最高，空气流通较低。此外，卡车前部区域的上层车厢温度较低、风冷效应较小，空气流通最高。位于卡车中部和后部区域下层车厢且经过水浴（WiB）处理的动物的胸肉样本呈现出最高的DFD样特征，且与位于集装箱内其他车厢的动物相比，PSE样肉的发生率最低。未经过水浴（WoB）的禽类中PSE样肉的发生率较低。
对在巴西南部冬季条件下运输的火鸡进行的评估表明，在亚热带条件下运输时，相对湿度、空气流通、温度会影响胸肉质量，促进颜色异常以及同时形成PSE样和DFD样肉。
