Borthen L, Heimdahl A, Nord C E
Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1987 Feb;25(1):49-56. doi: 10.1016/0266-4356(87)90156-2.
Anaerobic microorganisms of the normal oropharyngeal flora have been shown to be the main pathogens in orofacial infections of odontogenic origin. Reduction of the density of anaerobes in the oral cavity as a prophylactic measure before oral surgery may be a rational way to reduce the frequency of post-operative infections. This report describes a local antibiotic regimen that can reduce anaerobic pathogens in the oral cavity. Over a period of 7 days, 10 healthy individuals applied locally 1.5-2 g of an antibiotic preparation consisting of 0.5% metronidazole in 99.5% Orabase paste three times daily. The paste had antibacterial activity against obligate anaerobic micro-organisms such as bacteroides, fusobacteria and leptotrichia, known pathogens in orofacial infections. Fusobacteria and leptotrichia were eliminated in all subjects. Bacteroides species were eliminated in five subjects and significantly decreased in three subjects. The aerobic microflora was not affected. No new colonisation of the oropharynx was observed during the treatment period. The pre-treatment numbers of different micro-organisms were re-established within 2-9 days after the withdrawal of metronidazole treatment.
正常口咽菌群中的厌氧微生物已被证明是牙源性口腔颌面部感染的主要病原体。在口腔手术前，作为一种预防措施，降低口腔内厌氧菌的密度可能是减少术后感染频率的合理方法。本报告描述了一种可降低口腔内厌氧病原体的局部抗生素治疗方案。在7天的时间里，10名健康个体每天局部应用1.5 - 2克一种抗生素制剂，该制剂由99.5%的奥拉巴糊剂中含0.5%甲硝唑组成，每日3次。该糊剂对专性厌氧微生物如拟杆菌、梭杆菌和纤毛菌具有抗菌活性，这些都是口腔颌面部感染中的已知病原体。所有受试者的梭杆菌和纤毛菌均被清除。5名受试者的拟杆菌属被清除，3名受试者的拟杆菌属显著减少。需氧微生物群未受影响。在治疗期间未观察到口咽部有新的定植。甲硝唑治疗停药后2 - 9天内，不同微生物的治疗前数量得以恢复。
