Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
Chemistry. 2018 Sep 6;24(50):13078-13088. doi: 10.1002/chem.201706102. Epub 2018 Jun 25.
Chain-growth polymerization of aromatic building blocks (termed catalyst-transfer polycondensation or CTP) has emerged as a powerful method for the controlled synthesis of conjugated polymers. CTP affords semiconducting materials with predictable molecular weights, relatively narrow molar mass distributions and tailored backbone compositions (e.g. blocks, gradients, stars). Homogeneous catalysis utilizing transition metals has played a critical role in the rise of this field and this Minireview is designed to highlight some of the catalysts employed for these polycondensations. Some descriptions of the metal and ancillary ligands are included, along with which catalysts have been used for different aromatic monomers. Cross-coupling strategies are discussed briefly for ease of use. Finally, some potential future directions are described for further evolution of this exciting area.
芳构块的链增长聚合（称为催化剂转移缩聚或 CTP）已成为控制合成共轭聚合物的有力方法。CTP 提供了具有可预测分子量、相对较窄的摩尔质量分布和定制主链组成（例如块、梯度、星型）的半导体材料。利用过渡金属的均相催化在该领域的兴起中发挥了关键作用，本综述旨在突出用于这些缩聚反应的一些催化剂。包括一些对金属和辅助配体的描述，以及哪些催化剂已用于不同的芳族单体。为了便于使用，简要讨论了交叉偶联策略。最后，描述了一些潜在的未来方向，以进一步发展这一令人兴奋的领域。
