Rockwool Foundation Research Unit, Sølvgade 10, 1307 Copenhagen K, Denmark.
Hokkaido University, Kita 9 Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0809, Japan; University of Technology Sydney, PO Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia.
J Health Econ. 2018 Mar;58:151-175. doi: 10.1016/j.jhealeco.2018.01.006. Epub 2018 Feb 10.
Previous studies find significant negative effects of cancer on employment, with stronger effects for less-educated workers. We investigate whether the effect of cancer varies by skill requirement in the pre-cancer occupation, whether such heterogeneity can explain educational gradients, and whether cancer is associated with changes in job characteristics for cancer survivors who remain employed four years after the diagnosis. We combine Danish administrative registers with detailed skill requirement data and use individuals without cancer as a control group. Our main findings are the following: the negative effect of cancer on employment is stronger if the pre-cancer occupation requires high levels of manual skills or low levels of cognitive skills; the educational gradient diminishes substantially if we allow the effects of cancer to also depend on pre-cancer skill requirements; and cancer is not associated with occupational mobility, indicating potential for policies that reduce labour market frictions for cancer survivors.
先前的研究发现癌症对就业有显著的负面影响，受教育程度较低的工人受到的影响更大。我们调查了癌症在癌症前职业中的技能要求方面是否存在差异，这种异质性是否可以解释教育程度的差异，以及癌症是否与癌症存活者在诊断后四年保持就业时工作特征的变化有关。我们结合了丹麦的行政登记和详细的技能要求数据，并以没有癌症的个体作为对照组。我们的主要发现如下：如果癌症前的职业需要较高的体力技能或较低的认知技能，则癌症对就业的负面影响更大；如果允许癌症的影响也取决于癌症前的技能要求，那么教育程度的梯度会大大减小；癌症与职业流动无关，这表明有可能为癌症幸存者制定减少劳动力市场摩擦的政策。
