Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas con Orientación en Inmunología, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico.
Centro de Investigación en Inmunología y Dermatología, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico.
Front Immunol. 2018 Feb 13;9:246. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00246. eCollection 2018.
Leprosy is a chronic disease caused by that affects the skin and peripheral nerves. It may present as one of two distinct poles: the self-limiting tuberculoid leprosy and the highly infectious lepromatous leprosy (LL) characterized by -specific absence of cellular immune response. The pro-inflammatory cytokine macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) enhance the bactericide activities of macrophages after interaction with its receptor, CD74. Importantly, MIF also possesses chemoattractant properties, and it is a key factor for the activation of macrophages and in blood to promote leukocytes migration. MIF-mediated activation of macrophages is a key process for the elimination of pathogens such as ; however, its participation for the clearance of is unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the serum levels of MIF as well as MIF and CD74 expression in skin lesions of LL and compare it with healthy skin (HSk) taken from subjects attending to dermatological consult. Samples of serum and skin biopsies were taken from 39 LL patients and compared with 36 serum samples of healthy subjects (HS) and 10 biopsies of HSk. Serum samples were analyzed by ELISA and skin biopsies by immunohistochemistry (IHC). IHC smears were observed in 12 100× microscopic fields, in which percentage of stained cells and staining intensity were evaluated. Both variables were used to calculate a semi-quantitative expression score that ranged from 0 to 3+. We found no differences in MIF levels between LL patients and HS in sera. In addition, MIF was observed in over 75% of cells with high intensity in the skin of patients and HSk. Although we found no differences in MIF expression between the groups, a CD74 score statistically higher was found in LL skin than HSk ( < 0.001); this was the result of a higher percentage of cells positive for CD74 ( < 0.001). As a conclusion, we found that CD74-positive cells are intensely recruited to the skin with LL lesions. In this manner, MIF signaling may be enhanced in the skin of LL patients due to increased expression of its receptor, but further studies are required.
麻风病是一种由引起的慢性疾病，影响皮肤和周围神经。它可能表现为两个截然不同的极点之一：自限性结核样麻风病和高度传染性的瘤型麻风病（LL），其特征是缺乏细胞免疫反应。促炎细胞因子巨噬细胞迁移抑制因子（MIF）在与受体 CD74 相互作用后增强巨噬细胞的杀菌活性。重要的是，MIF 还具有趋化作用，是激活巨噬细胞和血液中白细胞迁移的关键因素。MIF 介导的巨噬细胞激活是消除病原体（如）的关键过程；然而，其对清除的参与尚不清楚。本研究旨在评估血清 MIF 水平以及 LL 皮肤病变中 MIF 和 CD74 的表达，并将其与皮肤科就诊的健康皮肤（HSk）进行比较。从 39 例 LL 患者中采集血清和皮肤活检样本，并与 36 例健康受试者（HS）的血清样本和 10 例 HSk 活检样本进行比较。通过 ELISA 分析血清样本，通过免疫组织化学（IHC）分析皮肤活检样本。在 12 个 100×显微镜视野中观察 IHC 涂片，评估染色细胞的百分比和染色强度。这两个变量用于计算半定量表达评分，范围从 0 到 3+。我们发现 LL 患者和 HS 血清中的 MIF 水平没有差异。此外，在患者和 HSk 的皮肤中，超过 75%的细胞呈高强度 MIF 染色。尽管我们发现各组之间的 MIF 表达没有差异，但 LL 皮肤的 CD74 评分明显高于 HSk（<0.001）；这是由于 CD74 阳性细胞的百分比更高（<0.001）。总之，我们发现 CD74 阳性细胞强烈募集到 LL 病变皮肤。因此，由于其受体表达增加，LL 患者皮肤中的 MIF 信号可能增强，但需要进一步研究。
