Feichtner Angelika, Weixler Dietmar, Birklbauer Alois
Arbeitsgruppe "Ethik in Palliative Care", Österreichische Palliativgesellschaft (OPG), Universitätsklinik für Innere Medizin 1, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich.
Landesklinikum Horn, Horn, Österreich.
Wien Med Wochenschr. 2018 May;168(7-8):168-176. doi: 10.1007/s10354-018-0629-z. Epub 2018 Feb 27.
In some cases terminally ill patients fear of prolonged dying and suffering can manifest itself in the voluntary refusal of food and fluids, aiming to accelerate the dying process. This represents a considerable area of conflict, because of the ethical responsibility to not aid a person's death but also to respect a patients autonomy.There is a clear separation between an assisted suicide and following a patient's wishes. Not to accept the voluntary refusal of FVNF would have to be considered as forced treatment of patients while they are capable of self-determination.Several symptoms associated with or caused by voluntary refusal of food and fluids do require palliative care. It is important to be aware, that caring for dying patients refusing food and fluids and accepting their choice is not synonymous with assisted suicide. Rather is it part of medical and nursing care for patients during their dying-process.An interprofessional working group of the Austrian Palliative Society (OPG) intends to shed light on the legal, ethical, medical and nursing related aspects concerning this subject of growing public and professional interest.
在某些情况下，绝症患者对长期死亡和痛苦的恐惧可能表现为自愿拒绝食物和液体，目的是加速死亡过程。这是一个相当大的冲突领域，因为存在着不协助他人死亡但也要尊重患者自主权的伦理责任。协助自杀和遵循患者意愿之间有明显的区别。不接受患者自愿拒绝食物和液体必须被视为在患者有自我决定权时对他们的强制治疗。一些与自愿拒绝食物和液体相关或由其引起的症状确实需要姑息治疗。必须认识到，照顾拒绝食物和液体的临终患者并接受他们的选择并不等同于协助自杀。相反，这是患者临终过程中医疗和护理的一部分。奥地利姑息治疗协会（OPG）的一个跨专业工作组打算阐明与这个日益引起公众和专业人士关注的主题相关的法律、伦理、医学和护理方面的问题。
