Chauchard Emeline, Hartwell Karen J, McRae-Clark Aimee L, Sherman Brian J, Gorelick David A
Chemistry and Drug Metabolism Section, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Faculté de Psychologie, Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire, Université de Nantes, Chemin de la Censive du Tertre, Nantes, France.
Prim Care Companion CNS Disord. 2018 Feb 22;20(1):17m02203. doi: 10.4088/PCC.17m02203.
Cannabis withdrawal has not been studied in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) who have high rates of cannabis use. We aimed to describe cannabis withdrawal, motivations to quit, and strategies to quit cannabis use in cannabis-dependent adults with ADHD.
Twenty-three adults with ADHD enrolled in a controlled clinical trial of pharmacotherapy (atomoxetine) for cannabis dependence (DSM-IV criteria) completed the Marijuana Quit Questionnaire (MJQQ) to provide information on their "most serious" quit attempt made without formal treatment. The study was conducted between November 2005 and June 2008.
Participants were predominantly male (82.6%, n = 19), with a mean (SD) age of 27.4 (8.5) years (range, 18-53) at the start of their index quit attempt. The most common motive for quitting cannabis was "to save money" (87%, n = 20); the most common strategy to maintain abstinence was "stopped associating with people who smoke marijuana" (43%, n = 10). Almost all (96%, n = 22) subjects reported ≥ 1 cannabis withdrawal symptom; 7 (30%) met DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for cannabis withdrawal syndrome.
Participants with comorbid ADHD and cannabis dependence reported withdrawal symptoms similar to other samples of non-treatment-seeking cannabis-dependent adults with no psychiatric comorbidity. These findings suggest that ADHD does not influence cannabis withdrawal in the way that it does tobacco (nicotine) withdrawal.
Data used in this secondary analysis came from ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00360269.
注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）成人患者中大麻使用率较高，目前尚未对该群体的大麻戒断情况进行研究。我们旨在描述患有ADHD的大麻依赖成人的大麻戒断情况、戒烟动机及戒烟策略。
23名患有ADHD的成人参与了一项针对大麻依赖（依据《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版标准）的药物治疗（托莫西汀）对照临床试验，他们完成了大麻戒烟问卷（MJQQ），以提供在未接受正规治疗情况下“最严重”的戒烟尝试的相关信息。该研究于2005年11月至2008年6月期间进行。
参与者以男性为主（82.6%，n = 19），在首次戒烟尝试开始时的平均（标准差）年龄为27.4（8.5）岁（范围为18 - 53岁）。戒烟的最常见动机是“省钱”（87%，n = 20）；维持戒断状态的最常见策略是“不再与吸食大麻的人交往”（43%，n = 10）。几乎所有（96%，n = 22）受试者报告有≥1种大麻戒断症状；7名（30%）符合《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第五版大麻戒断综合征的诊断标准。
患有ADHD和大麻依赖的参与者报告的戒断症状与其他未寻求治疗的无精神疾病共病的大麻依赖成人样本相似。这些发现表明，ADHD对大麻戒断的影响方式与对烟草（尼古丁）戒断的影响方式不同。
本次二次分析所使用的数据来自ClinicalTrials.gov标识符：NCT00360269。
