Joshi Jonathan K., Goosenberg Eric
University of Louisville
Temple University School of Medicine
Adenomyomatosis, also known as adenomyoma (when focal) or adenomyomatous hyperplasia of the gallbladder, is a benign condition characterized pathologically by hyperplasia of the gallbladder wall mucosa and muscularis propria, with pathognomonic epithelial invaginations forming cystic pockets (Rokitansky-Aschoff sinuses). Adenomyomatosis is 1 of the 2 hyperplastic cholecystoses; the other is cholesterolosis, also known as. Gallbladder thickening in adenomyomatosis can have 1 of 3 patterns: Usually fundal; may be difficult to distinguish from a malignant neoplasm. Usually in the body of the gallbladder; may cause stricturing, resulting in compartments and an hourglass configuration of the gallbladder. Generalized thickening of the gallbladder wall . When characteristic imaging findings are absent, adenomyomatosis may be difficult to distinguish from gallbladder carcinoma. Adenomyomatosis is frequently asymptomatic but may present with abdominal pain. Accurate differentiation from gallbladder carcinoma is essential because management strategies and clinical outcomes differ substantially.
腺肌增生症，也称为胆囊腺肌瘤或胆囊腺肌增生，是两种增生性胆囊疾病之一。另一种增生性胆囊疾病是胆固醇沉着症，即“草莓胆囊”。腺肌增生症是一种良性疾病，其病理特征为胆囊壁黏膜和固有肌层增生，具有特征性的上皮内陷形成囊状腔隙（罗-阿窦）。这些窦内可能含有结石或胆固醇结晶。胆囊壁增厚、罗-阿窦以及窦内常见的结石或胆固醇结晶是腺肌增生症的影像学表现特征。有时，主要是在缺乏特征性影像学表现时，基于诊断性影像学结果，腺肌增生症可能难以与胆囊癌区分。腺肌增生症通常无症状，多为偶然发现，无需特殊治疗。腺肌增生症也可能与右上腹疼痛有关。在难以将腺肌增生症与胆囊癌区分开来的情况下，或者当腺肌增生症与右上腹疼痛相关时，这种情况可能需要行胆囊切除术治疗。
