Sebastiano Manrico, Chastel Olivier, de Thoisy Benoît, Eens Marcel, Costantini David
Behavioural Ecology and Ecophysiology Group, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé (CEBC), UMR7372 - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Université La Rochelle.
Curr Zool. 2016 Aug;62(4):325-332. doi: 10.1093/cz/zow019. Epub 2016 Mar 17.
Herpes viruses are responsible for a variety of pathological effects in humans and in both wild and domestic animals. One mechanism that has been proposed to facilitate replication and activity of herpes viruses is oxidative stress (OS). We used meta-analytical techniques to test the hypotheses that (1) herpes virus infection causes OS and (2) supplementation of antioxidants reduces virus load, indicating that replication is favoured by a state of OS. Results based on studies on mammals, including humans, and birds show that (1) OS is indeed increased by herpes virus infection across multiple tissues and species, (2) biomarkers of OS may change differently between tissues, and (3) the effect size does not differ among different virus strains. In addition, the increase of oxidative damage in blood (tissue commonly available in ecological studies) was similar to that in the tissues most sensitive to the herpes virus. Our results also show that administration of antioxidants reduces virus yield, indicating that a condition of OS is favorable for the viral replication. In addition, some antioxidants may be more efficient than others in reducing herpes virus yield. Our results point to a potential mechanism linking herpes virus infection to individual health status.
疱疹病毒可导致人类以及野生和家养动物出现多种病理效应。一种被认为有助于疱疹病毒复制和活性的机制是氧化应激（OS）。我们运用荟萃分析技术来检验以下假设：（1）疱疹病毒感染会引发氧化应激；（2）补充抗氧化剂可降低病毒载量，这表明氧化应激状态有利于病毒复制。基于对包括人类在内的哺乳动物和鸟类的研究结果显示：（1）在多种组织和物种中，疱疹病毒感染确实会增加氧化应激；（2）氧化应激的生物标志物在不同组织间的变化可能有所不同；（3）不同病毒株之间的效应大小并无差异。此外，血液（生态研究中常用的组织）中氧化损伤的增加与对疱疹病毒最敏感的组织中的情况相似。我们的结果还表明，给予抗氧化剂可降低病毒产量，这表明氧化应激状态有利于病毒复制。此外，某些抗氧化剂在降低疱疹病毒产量方面可能比其他抗氧化剂更有效。我们的研究结果指出了一种将疱疹病毒感染与个体健康状况联系起来的潜在机制。
