Wang X, Li M L, Tang H J, Zeng Q
Tianijn Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, China.
Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi. 2017 Dec 20;35(12):903-906. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2017.12.005.
To understand the status of occupational health surveillance to workers exposed to toxic environment in a city, so as to provide scientific basis for strategy of occupational diseases prevention. In January 2017, collecting the data of on-the-job poisonous and harmful workers occupational health surveillance in the city from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2016 in China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention, the trend of occupational health monitoring in the city was analyzed, and the differences between diverseeconomic types, enterprise scale, industry nature and hazard factors were analyzed and compared. The occupational health examination rate showed an overall upward trend in workers exposed to dust in the city from 2010-2016 (=3.607, <0.05) , and the detection rate of occupational contraindications was on the rise in workers exposed to chemical factors (=3.071, <0.05). The detection rate of occupational contraindications and suspected occupational diseaseswere significant in different economic types, enterprise scale, industry nature and hazard factors (<0.05). The detection rate of occupational contraindications was the highest among the large enterprises (1.24%) , the manufacturing industry (0.84%) and the state-owned economy (1.49%). The detection rate of suspected occupational diseases (0.04%) and occupational contraindications (1.15%) were the highest in the physical factors. Occupational health monitoring in the city is not optimistic. It is necessary to focuson the occupational health care of manufacturing practitioners, raise the detection rate of suspected occupational diseases, and standard the occupational health check work to protect the occupational health.
为了解某市接触有毒作业环境工人的职业健康监护状况，为职业病防治策略提供科学依据。2017年1月，收集中国疾病预防控制信息系统中该市2010年1月1日至2016年12月31日在职有毒有害作业工人职业健康监护数据，分析该市职业健康监护趋势，并对不同经济类型、企业规模、行业性质和危害因素之间的差异进行分析比较。该市2010 - 2016年接触粉尘工人的职业健康检查率呈总体上升趋势（=3.607，<0.05），接触化学因素工人的职业禁忌证检出率呈上升趋势（=3.071，<0.05）。不同经济类型、企业规模、行业性质和危害因素的职业禁忌证和疑似职业病检出率差异有统计学意义（<0.05）。职业禁忌证检出率在大企业（1.24%）、制造业（0.84%）和国有经济（1.49%）中最高。物理因素中疑似职业病检出率（0.04%）和职业禁忌证检出率（1.15%）最高。该市职业健康监护不容乐观。有必要关注制造业从业者的职业健康监护，提高疑似职业病检出率，规范职业健康检查工作，保护职业健康。
