Biological Science and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, Assam, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-NEIST Campus, Jorhat, Assam, India.
Biological Science and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, Assam, India.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2018 Jul 1;113:309-316. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.02.150. Epub 2018 Feb 27.
Gla-rich protein (GRP) or unique cartilage matrix-associated protein (Ucma), the newest member of vitamin K dependent proteins, carries exceptionally high number of γ-carboxyglutamic acid (Gla) residues which contributes to its outstanding capacity of binding with calcium in the extracellular environment indicating its potential role as a global calcium modulator. Recent studies demonstrated a critical function of GRP in the regulation of different pathophysiological conditions associated with vascular and soft tissue calcification including cardiovascular diseases, osteoarthritis, inflammation, and skin and breast carcinomas. These findings established an important relationship between γ-carboxylation of GRP and calcification associated disease pathology suggesting a critical role of vitamin K in the pathophysiological features of various health disorders. This review for the first time summarizes all of the updated findings related to the functional activities of GRP in the pathogenesis of several diseases associated with vascular and soft tissue mineralization, osteoarthritis, inflammation, and carcinoma. The outcome of this review will improve the understanding about the role of GRP in the pathogenesis of tissue calcification and its associated health disorders, which should in turn lead to the design of clinical interventions to improve the condition of patients associated with these health disorders.
富含谷氨酸蛋白（GRP）或独特的软骨基质相关蛋白（Ucma），是维生素 K 依赖性蛋白家族的最新成员，其携带数量异常高的γ-羧基谷氨酸（Gla）残基，这有助于其在细胞外环境中与钙的结合能力，表明其可能作为一种全局钙调节剂发挥作用。最近的研究表明，GRP 在调节与血管和软组织钙化相关的不同病理生理状况中具有关键作用，包括心血管疾病、骨关节炎、炎症以及皮肤和乳腺癌。这些发现确立了 GRP 的γ-羧化作用与钙化相关疾病病理之间的重要关系，表明维生素 K 在各种健康障碍的病理生理特征中具有重要作用。这篇综述首次总结了与 GRP 在与血管和软组织矿化、骨关节炎、炎症和癌症相关的几种疾病的发病机制中的功能活动相关的所有最新发现。这一综述的结果将提高对 GRP 在组织钙化及其相关健康障碍发病机制中的作用的认识，这反过来又应导致设计临床干预措施来改善与这些健康障碍相关的患者的状况。
