Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210.
Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210.
J Dairy Sci. 2018 May;101(5):4473-4478. doi: 10.3168/jds.2017-14055. Epub 2018 Mar 1.
The inherent disease susceptibility of veal calves results in frequent antimicrobial use. Improvements in antimicrobial stewardship necessitate alternative therapies to improve calf health and growth, while reducing the need for antimicrobials important to human health. This study investigated the effect of 2 alternative therapies, lactoferrin (an iron-binding protein found in colostrum) and cinnamaldehyde (an essential oil of the cinnamon plant) on growth, disease incidence, and mortality risk in special-fed veal calves. On the day of arrival to the growing facility (3 to 7 d of age), calves (n = 80 per treatment) were randomized to 1 of 3 treatments: (1) control (no supplement), (2) lactoferrin (1 g/d in milk replacer for 7 d), or (3) cinnamaldehyde (1 g/d in milk replacer for 21 d). Body weight was measured on the day of arrival (d 0), 21, and 42 d postarrival. Health assessments were performed twice weekly through 21 d, and mortality records were obtained through 6 wk postarrival. A repeated-measures ANOVA was used to compare growth between treatment groups, and a Poisson regression model (PROC GENMOD, SAS v. 9.4, SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC) was used to test differences between groups in the incidence of diarrhea (fecal score ≥2 with and without depression and temperature) and disease through 3 wk postarrival. Body weight and average daily gain were similar between treatments. Neither lactoferrin nor cinnamaldehyde had an effect on diarrhea incidence. However, the risk of navel inflammation was significantly lower for calves that received cinnamaldehyde compared with calves in the control group. Mortality through 6 wk postarrival was low, with 4, 1, and 0 deaths from the control, lactoferrin, and cinnamaldehyde treatment groups, respectively. Additional research is needed to investigate various doses of these alternative therapies on calf health and growth, in addition to different routes of administration.
小牛肉犊的固有疾病易感性导致频繁使用抗生素。为了改善抗菌药物管理，需要替代疗法来改善犊牛的健康和生长，同时减少对人类健康重要的抗生素的需求。本研究调查了 2 种替代疗法——乳铁蛋白（一种存在于初乳中的铁结合蛋白）和肉桂醛（肉桂植物的一种精油）对特殊饲养小牛肉犊的生长、疾病发病率和死亡风险的影响。在到达饲养场的当天（3 至 7 日龄），将犊牛（每组 80 头）随机分为 3 种处理之一：（1）对照（不补充），（2）乳铁蛋白（在代乳中每天 1 克，持续 7 天），或（3）肉桂醛（在代乳中每天 1 克，持续 21 天）。到达后的第 0 天（d0）、第 21 天和第 42 天测量体重。在 21 天内每周进行两次健康评估，并在到达后的 6 周内获得死亡率记录。采用重复测量方差分析比较处理组之间的生长情况，采用泊松回归模型（PROC GENMOD，SAS v. 9.4，SAS Institute Inc.，Cary，NC）比较腹泻（粪便评分≥2 分且有或无抑郁和体温）和发病的发生率差异通过 3 周。体重和平均日增重在处理组之间相似。乳铁蛋白和肉桂醛都没有影响腹泻的发病率。然而，与对照组相比，接受肉桂醛治疗的犊牛的脐炎风险显著降低。到达后 6 周的死亡率较低，对照组、乳铁蛋白组和肉桂醛组的死亡率分别为 4、1 和 0 例死亡。需要进一步研究这些替代疗法的不同剂量对犊牛健康和生长的影响，以及不同的给药途径。
