Chromatin and Disease Group, Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Programme (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
Chromatin and Disease Group, Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Programme (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
Clin Immunol. 2018 Nov;196:64-71. doi: 10.1016/j.clim.2018.02.013. Epub 2018 Mar 6.
Compelling evidences highlight the critical role of the tumor microenvironment as mediator of tumor progression and immunosuppression in several types of cancer. The reciprocal interplay between neoplastic and non-tumoral host cells is mediated by direct cell-to-cell contact, soluble factors and exosomes that result in differential gene expression patterns that are driven by epigenetic mechanisms. In this regard, extensive literature has described the abnormalities in the DNA methylation status and histone modification profiles in tumor cells. However, little is known about the mechanisms of epigenetic dysregulation that participate as a consequence of the intricate crosstalk among the cells within the tumor niche. This review summarizes the current knowledge on epigenetic changes that result from the interactions between myeloid, stromal and cancer cells in the tumor microenvironment and its functional impact in both tumorigenesis and tumor progression. We also discuss potential niche-specific epigenetic biomarkers to improve the prognosis and clinical treatment of cancer patients.
大量证据强调了肿瘤微环境作为多种癌症中肿瘤进展和免疫抑制的介质的关键作用。肿瘤细胞和非肿瘤宿主细胞之间的相互作用是通过直接的细胞间接触、可溶性因子和外泌体介导的，导致由表观遗传机制驱动的差异基因表达模式。在这方面，大量文献描述了肿瘤细胞中 DNA 甲基化状态和组蛋白修饰谱的异常。然而，对于作为肿瘤龛内细胞之间复杂串扰的结果参与的表观遗传失调机制知之甚少。本综述总结了肿瘤微环境中髓样细胞、基质细胞和癌细胞之间相互作用导致的表观遗传变化的最新知识及其在肿瘤发生和肿瘤进展中的功能影响。我们还讨论了潜在的龛特异性表观遗传生物标志物，以改善癌症患者的预后和临床治疗。
