Pediatric Pulmonologist, Centro Diagnostico Pneumológico de Gaia, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal.
Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Roma, Italy.
Pulmonology. 2018 Mar-Apr;24(2):106-114. doi: 10.1016/j.rppnen.2017.10.007. Epub 2018 Mar 2.
Tuberculosis (TB) is a major cause of childhood morbidity and mortality worldwide. The aim of this review is to describe the management of the child with TB and latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). To develop this article, a working group reviewed relevant epidemiological and other scientific studies and established practices in conducting LBTI and TB in children. The article describes how to manage the child with LTBI, considering transmission and infectiousness of tuberculosis, contact screening and prioritization of contacts and recommendations on treatment of children with LTBI and how to manage the child with TB considering the susceptibility of children to developing tuberculosis, epidemiology and classification of tuberculosis in children, diagnosis and treatment.
结核病（TB）是全球儿童发病率和死亡率的主要原因。本综述的目的是描述儿童结核病和潜伏性结核感染（LTBI）的管理。为了编写本文，一个工作组审查了相关的流行病学和其他科学研究，并确定了儿童 LTBI 和 TB 的实践。本文描述了如何管理 LTBI 患儿，考虑了结核病的传播和传染性、接触筛查和接触者的优先排序以及 LTBI 患儿治疗的建议，以及如何管理 TB 患儿，考虑到儿童对结核病的易感性、儿童结核病的流行病学和分类、诊断和治疗。
