Jack Alexander H, Egan Vincent
Centre for Family and Forensic Psychology, Division of Psychiatry and Applied Psychology, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG81BB England, UK.
School Ment Health. 2018;10(1):26-34. doi: 10.1007/s12310-017-9238-z. Epub 2017 Nov 22.
Experiences of bullying predict the development of paranoia in school-age adolescents. While many instances of psychotic phenomena are transitory, maintained victimization can lead to increasingly distressing paranoid thinking. Furthermore, paranoid thinkers perceive threat in neutral social stimuli and are vigilant for environmental risk. The present paper investigated the association between different forms of bullying and paranoid thinking, and the extent to which school-age paranoid thinkers overestimate threat in interpersonal situations. Two hundred and thirty participants, aged between eleven and fourteen, were recruited from one secondary school in the UK. Participants completed a series of questionnaires hosted on the Bristol Online Survey tool. All data were collected in a classroom setting in quiet and standardized conditions. A significant and positive relationship was found between experiences of bullying and paranoid thinking: greater severity of bullying predicted more distressing paranoid thinking. Further, paranoid thinking mediated the relationship between bullying and overestimation of threat in neutral social stimuli. Exposure to bullying is associated with distressing paranoid thinking and subsequent misappraisal of threat. As paranoid thinkers experience and threat, the phenomena may persist.
遭受欺凌的经历预示着学龄青少年偏执狂的发展。虽然许多精神病现象的实例是暂时的，但持续的受害经历可能导致日益痛苦的偏执思维。此外，偏执思维者在中性社会刺激中察觉到威胁，并对环境风险保持警惕。本文研究了不同形式的欺凌与偏执思维之间的关联，以及学龄偏执思维者在人际情境中高估威胁的程度。从英国一所中学招募了230名年龄在11至14岁之间的参与者。参与者完成了一系列在布里斯托尔在线调查工具上进行的问卷调查。所有数据均在安静且标准化的教室环境中收集。研究发现欺凌经历与偏执思维之间存在显著的正相关关系：欺凌的严重程度越高，预示着偏执思维越痛苦。此外，偏执思维在欺凌与对中性社会刺激中威胁的高估之间起到了中介作用。遭受欺凌与痛苦的偏执思维以及随后对威胁的错误评估有关。由于偏执思维者经历了威胁，这种现象可能会持续存在。
