Department of Philosophy, Classics, History of Art and Ideas, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Department of Historical, Philosophical and Religious Studies, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
J Med Ethics. 2018 Jun;44(6):404-408. doi: 10.1136/medethics-2017-104351. Epub 2018 Mar 5.
In debates on the ethics of artificial gametes, concepts of naturalness have been used in a number of different ways. Some have argued that the unnaturalness of artificial gametes means that it is unacceptable to use them in fertility treatments. Others have suggested that artificial gametes are no less natural than many other tissues or processes in common medical use. We suggest that establishing the naturalness or unnaturalness of artificial gametes is unlikely to provide easy answers as to the acceptability of using them in fertility medicine. However, we also suggest that we should be cautious about repudiating any relationship between nature and moral evaluation. The property of being natural or man-made may not per se tell us anything about an entity's moral status, but it has an important impact on the moral relationship between the creator and the created organism.
在关于人工配子伦理的辩论中，自然性的概念被以多种不同的方式使用。一些人认为，人工配子的非自然性意味着在生育治疗中使用它们是不可接受的。另一些人则认为，人工配子与许多在普通医疗中使用的其他组织或过程一样自然。我们认为，确定人工配子的自然性或非自然性不太可能为在生育医学中使用它们的可接受性提供简单的答案。然而，我们还认为，我们应该谨慎对待否定自然与道德评价之间的任何关系。自然或人为的属性本身可能并不能告诉我们任何关于一个实体的道德地位的信息，但它对创造者和被创造的生物体之间的道德关系有着重要的影响。
