Department of Poultry Science, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 38649.
Aviagen, Inc., Cummings Research Park, Huntsville, AL 35806.
Poult Sci. 2018 May 1;97(5):1786-1793. doi: 10.3382/ps/pex453.
An experiment was conducted to determine if myopathies of the Pectoralis major muscles are influenced by differences in growth trajectory achieved through a controlled feeding program. Male Yield Plus × Ross 708 broiler chicks were placed into 28 pens (25 birds/pen) equipped with plastic slats to prevent coprophagy. All birds received identical starter (1 to 10 d), grower (11 to 32 d), finisher (33 to 42 d), and withdrawal (43 to 50 d) diets that were formulated to meet or exceed nutrient recommendations of the primary breeder. Each pen of birds was randomly assigned to one of 4 pair-feeding programs (TRT 1: ad libitum; TRT 2: 95% of TRT 1 intake; TRT 3: 90% of TRT 1 intake; and TRT 4: 85% of TRT 1 intake) with 7 replicate pens per treatment. Feed intake and mortality were recorded daily. Individual BW was recorded at 31, 42, and 49 d of age. Blood samples were collected from 4 birds per pen at 31, 41, and 48 d of age and subsequently analyzed for plasma creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). At 32, 43, and 50 d of age, 4 birds per pen were euthanized for necropsy. The right breast fillet of each bird was visually scored for white striping (WS) and wooden breast (WB). Linear decreases (P ≤ 0.01) in feed intake, BW gain, feed conversion ratio, and mortality were observed with decreasing feed allocation. Linear decreases (P ≤ 0.01) in severity were observed for WS and WB at 33, 43, and 50 d with decreasing feed allocation. Severity of WB at 33 and 43 d, as well as that of WS at 43 and 50 d, decreased (P ≤ 0.05) quadratically with decreasing feed allocation. Reduced feed allocation produced quadratic decreases (P ≤ 0.05) in CK and LDH concentrations at 31, 41, and 48 days. These results indicate that the incidence of breast fillet myopathies in broilers may be reduced through controlled feeding programs.
进行了一项实验，以确定通过控制喂养计划获得的生长轨迹差异是否会影响胸大肌的肌肉病。雄性 Yield Plus × Ross 708 肉鸡雏鸡被放置在 28 个围栏（每个围栏 25 只鸡）中，这些围栏配备有塑料格栅，以防止食粪。所有鸡只均接受相同的起始（1 至 10 天）、生长（11 至 32 天）、育肥（33 至 42 天）和停药（43 至 50 天）饲料，这些饲料的配方均符合或超过主要饲养者的营养建议。每个围栏的鸡只被随机分配到 4 个部分喂养计划之一（TRT1：自由采食；TRT2：TRT1 摄入量的 95%；TRT3：TRT1 摄入量的 90%；TRT4：TRT1 摄入量的 85%），每个处理有 7 个重复围栏。每日记录采食量和死亡率。在 31、42 和 49 日龄时，每只鸡记录个体体重。在 31、41 和 48 日龄时，从每个围栏的 4 只鸡中采集血液样本，并随后分析血浆肌酸激酶（CK）和乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）。在 32、43 和 50 日龄时，每只鸡从每个围栏中安乐死 4 只鸡进行剖检。对每只鸡的右胸肉进行目视评分，以确定白条（WS）和木胸（WB）的严重程度。随着饲料分配的减少，采食量、体重增加、饲料转化率和死亡率呈线性下降（P≤0.01）。随着饲料分配的减少，33、43 和 50 日龄时 WS 和 WB 的严重程度呈线性下降（P≤0.01）。随着饲料分配的减少，33 和 43 日龄时 WB 的严重程度以及 43 和 50 日龄时 WS 的严重程度呈二次下降（P≤0.05）。减少饲料分配会导致 CK 和 LDH 浓度在 31、41 和 48 天时呈二次下降（P≤0.05）。这些结果表明，通过控制喂养计划可以降低肉鸡胸肉肌病的发生率。
