Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7608, US.
Department of Population and Health Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, US.
Poult Sci. 2019 Jan 1;98(1):217-226. doi: 10.3382/ps/pey333.
The effects of time-limited feeding, genetic background, and egg storage on white striping (WS) and wooden breast (WB) in broilers were studied. Male chicks (240) from 2 genetic backgrounds and 2 egg storage periods were fed on either an ad libitum (AL) or time-limited (TL) program from 7 d of age. A rapid growth strain (Growth) and an enhanced yield strain (Yield) of broiler breeder males were mated to a single female line and eggs were stored for periods of either 1 to 7 d or 8 to 14 d. Body weight (BW), feed consumption, and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were determined weekly. Carcass data including WS and WB scores were collected at 42 d of age. Breast muscle scoring was conducted either visually or by hand palpation using a 1 to 4 point ordinal scale (normal to greatest severity). Data were analyzed using the Mixed procedure of SAS. The TL fed broilers presented less WS (1.64 vs. 2.87) and WB (2.14 vs. 2.89), lower BW (2.99 vs. 3.27 kg), and improved FCR (1.55 vs. 1.58 g: g), as well as reduced dressing percentage (79.5 vs. 80.1%), breast muscle yield (33.3 vs. 34.6%), and 24 h muscle pH (5.82 vs. 5.95) relative to AL broilers (P < 0.01). Yield broilers exhibited reduced BW (2.97 vs. 3.28 kg), lower WS (2.04 vs. 2.47), and greater WB (2.65 vs. 2.38) (P < 0.05) but similar dressing percentage (80.0 vs. 79.7%) and breast muscle yield (34.3 vs. 33.6%) when compared to Growth broilers. Longer egg storage generated lower BW (3.07 vs. 3.18 kg) and when fed AL, an increased WS score (2.58 vs. 3.15) compared to the shorter egg storage period (P < 0.05). It was concluded that WS and WB could be reduced by TL feeding and that genetic background and egg storage period may influence the expression of WS and WB.
研究了限时喂养、遗传背景和种蛋贮存对肉鸡白条（WS）和木质胸（WB）的影响。将来自 2 个遗传背景和 2 个种蛋贮存期的雄性小鸡（240 只）从 7 日龄开始分别采用自由采食（AL）或限时喂养（TL）方案喂养。快速生长品系（Growth）和高生产性能品系（Yield）的肉鸡种公鸡与一条单一的母鸡系交配，种蛋的贮存期为 1 至 7 天或 8 至 14 天。每周测定体重（BW）、采食量和饲料转化率（FCR）。在 42 日龄时收集胴体数据，包括 WS 和 WB 评分。采用 1 至 4 分的等级评分标准（从正常到最严重）进行肉眼或手动触诊乳房评分。使用 SAS 的混合程序分析数据。TL 喂养的肉鸡白条（1.64 对 2.87）和 WB（2.14 对 2.89）的评分较低，BW（2.99 对 3.27 公斤）和 FCR（1.55 对 1.58 克：克）改善，以及皮率（79.5 对 80.1%）、胸肌产率（33.3 对 34.6%）和 24 小时肌肉 pH（5.82 对 5.95）降低，而 AL 组肉鸡（P < 0.01）。与 Growth 肉鸡相比，Yield 肉鸡的 BW（2.97 对 3.28 公斤）较低，WS（2.04 对 2.47）评分较低，WB（2.65 对 2.38）评分较高（P < 0.05），但皮率（80.0 对 79.7%）和胸肌产率（34.3 对 33.6%）相似。较长的种蛋贮存期导致 BW（3.07 对 3.18 公斤）降低，AL 组 WS 评分增加（2.58 对 3.15），而短种蛋贮存期（P < 0.05）。研究结论认为，限时喂养可降低 WS 和 WB 的发生率，遗传背景和种蛋贮存期可能影响 WS 和 WB 的表达。
