Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, 21531 Alexandria, Egypt.
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, 21531 Alexandria, Egypt.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2018 Jul 15;155:76-85. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.02.069. Epub 2018 Mar 3.
The distribution and use of nanoparticles have rapidly increased over recent years, but the available knowledge regarding their mode of action, ecological tolerance and biodegradability remains insufficient. Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the most important crop worldwide. In the current study, the effects of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) obtained from two different sources, namely, green and chemical syntheses, on chromosomal aberrations and cell division were investigated. Wheat root tips were treated with four different AgNP concentrations (10, 20, 40 and 50 ppm) for three different exposure durations (8, 16 and 24 h), and the different concentrations of the nanoparticles were added to the tested grains until the root lengths reached 1.5-2 cm. For each concentration, the mitotic indexes (%) were obtained from an analysis of ~ 2000 cells. The treated root-tip cells exhibited various types of chromosomal aberrations, such as incorrect orientation at metaphase, chromosomal breakage, metaphasic plate distortion, spindle dysfunction, stickiness, aberrant movement at metaphase, fragmentation, scattering, unequal separation, scattering, chromosomal gaps, multipolar anaphase, erosion, and distributed and lagging chromosomes. These results demonstrate that the root tip cells of wheat can readily internalize the AgNPs and that the internalized AgNPs can interfere with the cells' normal function.
近年来，纳米颗粒的分布和使用迅速增加，但关于它们的作用模式、生态耐受性和生物降解性的知识仍然不足。小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）是世界上最重要的作物。在当前的研究中，研究了来自两种不同来源（绿色和化学合成）的银纳米颗粒（AgNPs）对染色体畸变和细胞分裂的影响。用四种不同的 AgNP 浓度（10、20、40 和 50 ppm）处理小麦根尖 3 个不同的暴露时间（8、16 和 24 h），并将不同浓度的纳米颗粒添加到测试谷物中，直到根长达到 1.5-2 cm。对于每个浓度，通过分析约 2000 个细胞获得有丝分裂指数（%）。处理过的根尖细胞表现出各种类型的染色体畸变，如中期不正确定向、染色体断裂、中期板扭曲、纺锤体功能障碍、粘性、中期异常运动、碎裂、分散、不等分离、分散、染色体间隙、多极后期、侵蚀以及分布和滞后染色体。这些结果表明，小麦根尖细胞可以很容易地内化 AgNPs，而内化的 AgNPs 可以干扰细胞的正常功能。
