Department of Plant Anatomy and Cytology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, 28 Jagiellonska Street, 40-032 Katowice, Poland.
Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, 28 Jagiellonska Street, 40-032 Katowice, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Mar 3;19(3):725. doi: 10.3390/ijms19030725.
The plant cell wall shows a great diversity regarding its chemical composition, which may vary significantly even during different developmental stages. In this study, we analysed the distribution of several cell wall epitopes in embryos of (Brachypodium). We also described the variations in the nucleus shape and the number of nucleoli that occurred in some embryo cells. The use of transmission electron microscopy, and histological and immunolocalisation techniques permitted the distribution of selected arabinogalactan proteins, extensins, pectins, and hemicelluloses on the embryo surface, internal cell compartments, and in the context of the cell wall ultrastructure to be demonstrated. We revealed that the majority of arabinogalactan proteins and extensins were distributed on the cell surface and that pectins were the main component of the seed coat and other parts, such as the mesocotyl cell walls and the radicula. Hemicelluloses were localised in the cell wall and outside of the radicula protodermis, respectively. The specific arrangement of those components may indicate their significance during embryo development and seed germination, thus suggesting the importance of their protective functions. Despite the differences in the cell wall composition, we found that some of the antibodies can be used as markers to identify specific cells and the parts of the developing Brachypodium embryo.
植物细胞壁在化学成分上表现出很大的多样性，即使在不同的发育阶段，其化学组成也可能有很大的差异。在这项研究中，我们分析了 （Brachypodium）胚胎中几种细胞壁表位的分布。我们还描述了一些胚胎细胞中核形状和核仁数量的变化。使用透射电子显微镜、组织学和免疫定位技术，我们可以在胚胎表面、内部细胞区室以及细胞壁超微结构的背景下，展示选定的阿拉伯半乳糖蛋白、伸展蛋白、果胶和半纤维素的分布。我们发现，大多数阿拉伯半乳糖蛋白和伸展蛋白分布在细胞表面，果胶是种皮和其他部分（如中胚轴细胞壁和根冠）的主要成分。半纤维素分别定位于细胞壁和根冠原表皮之外。这些成分的特定排列可能表明它们在胚胎发育和种子萌发过程中的重要性，从而表明它们的保护功能的重要性。尽管细胞壁组成存在差异，但我们发现一些抗体可以用作标记物来识别特定的细胞和发育中的拟南芥胚胎的部分。
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