Fyndanis Valantis, Arcara Giorgio, Capasso Rita, Christidou Paraskevi, De Pellegrin Serena, Gandolfi Marialuisa, Messinis Lambros, Panagea Evgenia, Papathanasopoulos Panagiotis, Smania Nicola, Semenza Carlo, Miceli Gabriele
a Center for Multilingualism in Society across the Lifespan (MultiLing)/Department of Linguistics and Scandinavian Studies , University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway.
b Department of Linguistics , University of Potsdam , Potsdam , Germany.
Clin Linguist Phon. 2018;32(9):823-843. doi: 10.1080/02699206.2018.1445291. Epub 2018 Mar 7.
Recent studies by Bastiaanse and colleagues found that time reference is selectively impaired in people with nonfluent agrammatic aphasia, with reference to the past being more difficult to process than reference to the present or to the future. To account for this dissociation, they formulated the PAst DIscourse LInking Hypothesis (PADILIH), which posits that past reference is more demanding than present/future reference because it involves discourse linking. There is some evidence that this hypothesis can be applied to people with fluent aphasia as well. However, the existing evidence for the PADILIH is contradictory, and most of it has been provided by employing a test that predominantly taps retrieval processes, leaving largely unexplored the underlying ability to encode time reference-related prephonological features. Within a cross-linguistic approach, this study tests the PADILIH by means of a sentence completion task that 'equally' taps encoding and retrieval abilities. This study also investigates if the PADILIH's scope can be extended to fluent aphasia. Greek- and Italian-speaking individuals with aphasia participated in the study. The Greek group consisted of both individuals with nonfluent agrammatic aphasia and individuals with fluent aphasia, who also presented signs of agrammatism. The Italian group consisted of individuals with agrammatic nonfluent aphasia only. The two Greek subgroups performed similarly. Neither language group of participants with aphasia exhibited a pattern of performance consistent with the predictions of the PADILIH. However, a double dissociation observed within the Greek group suggests a hypothesis that may reconcile the present results with the PADILIH.
巴斯蒂安斯及其同事最近的研究发现，在非流畅性语法缺失性失语症患者中，时间参照能力会受到选择性损害，相较于对现在或未来的参照，对过去的参照更难处理。为了解释这种分离现象，他们提出了“过去语篇链接假说”（PADILIH），该假说认为，过去参照比现在/未来参照要求更高，因为它涉及语篇链接。有证据表明，这一假说也可应用于流畅性失语症患者。然而，PADILIH的现有证据相互矛盾，且大部分证据是通过一项主要考察检索过程的测试提供的，而与时间参照相关的语音前特征的编码能力在很大程度上未得到探索。在跨语言研究方法中，本研究通过一项“同等”考察编码和检索能力的句子完成任务来检验PADILIH。本研究还调查了PADILIH的适用范围是否可以扩展到流畅性失语症。讲希腊语和意大利语的失语症患者参与了这项研究。希腊语组包括非流畅性语法缺失性失语症患者和有语法缺失迹象的流畅性失语症患者。意大利语组仅包括语法缺失性非流畅性失语症患者。希腊语组的两个亚组表现相似。失语症患者的两个语言组均未表现出与PADILIH预测一致的表现模式。然而。希腊语组中观察到的双重分离现象提示了一个假说，该假说可能使当前结果与PADILIH相协调。
