Klein Colin, Clutton Peter, Polito Vince
School of Philosophy, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
ARC Centre of Excellence in Cognition and its Disorders, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Front Psychol. 2018 Feb 21;9:189. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00189. eCollection 2018.
Conspiracy theories play a troubling role in political discourse. Online forums provide a valuable window into everyday conspiracy theorizing, and can give a clue to the motivations and interests of those who post in such forums. Yet this online activity can be difficult to quantify and study. We describe a unique approach to studying online conspiracy theorists which used non-negative matrix factorization to create a topic model of authors' contributions to the main conspiracy forum on Reddit.com. This subreddit provides a large corpus of comments which spans many years and numerous authors. We show that within the forum, there are multiple sub-populations distinguishable by their loadings on different topics in the model. Further, we argue, these differences are interpretable as differences in background beliefs and motivations. The diversity of the distinct subgroups places constraints on theories of what generates conspiracy theorizing. We argue that traditional "monological" believers are only the tip of an iceberg of commenters. Neither simple irrationality nor common preoccupations can account for the observed diversity. Instead, we suggest, those who endorse conspiracies seem to be primarily brought together by epistemological concerns, and that these central concerns link an otherwise heterogenous group of individuals.
阴谋论在政治话语中扮演着令人不安的角色。在线论坛为日常的阴谋论探讨提供了一个有价值的窗口,并且能够为在这类论坛上发帖者的动机和兴趣提供线索。然而,这种在线活动可能难以量化和研究。我们描述了一种研究在线阴谋论者的独特方法,该方法使用非负矩阵分解来创建一个关于作者在Reddit.com上主要阴谋论论坛所作贡献的主题模型。这个子版块提供了一个跨越多年且涉及众多作者的大量评论语料库。我们表明,在该论坛内,存在多个亚群体,可根据它们在模型中不同主题上的负荷来区分。此外,我们认为,这些差异可以解释为背景信念和动机的差异。不同子群体的多样性对产生阴谋论的理论形成了限制。我们认为,传统的“单一论”信徒只是评论者群体中的冰山一角。简单的非理性或共同的关注点都无法解释所观察到的多样性。相反,我们认为,那些支持阴谋论的人似乎主要是由认识论方面的担忧聚集在一起的,并且这些核心担忧将一群原本异质的个体联系了起来。