National School of Public Health, Institute of Health "Carlos III", Madrid, Spain.
CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
J Epidemiol Community Health. 2018 Jul;72(7):611-616. doi: 10.1136/jech-2017-209701. Epub 2018 Mar 8.
The magnitude of intimate partner violence (IPV) in young women is a source of increasing concern. The prevalence of IPV has not been analysed in Europe as a whole. The objective was to assess the prevalence and main characteristics of experiencing physical and/or sexual and psychological-only IPV among young women in the European Union and to identify individual and contextual associated risk factors.
We analysed a cross-sectional subsample of 5976 ever-partnered women aged 18-29 years from the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights Violence Against Women Survey, 2012. The main outcomes were current physical and/or sexual IPV and lifetime psychological-only IPV. Risk factors were assessed by the prevalence ratio (PR) from multilevel Poisson regression models.
Current prevalence of physical and/or sexual IPV was 6.1%, lifetime prevalence of psychological-only IPV was 28.7%. Having suffered physical and/or sexual abuse by an adult before age 15 was the strongest risk factor for IPV (PR: 2.9 for physical and/or sexual IPV, PR: 1.5 for psychological-only IPV). Other individual risk factors were: perceived major difficulties in living within their household income (PR: 2.6), having children (PR: 1.8) and age 18-24 years (PR: 1.5) for physical/sexual IPV and immigration background for psychological-only IPV (PR: 1.4). Living in countries with a higher prevalence of binge drinking or early school dropout was positively associated with IPV.
Findings show that the fight against violence in young women should consider individual characteristics, childhood experiences of abuse and also structural interventions including reduction of alcohol consumption and improvement in the education-related indicators.
亲密伴侣暴力(IPV)在年轻女性中的严重程度引起了越来越多的关注。整个欧洲尚未对 IPV 的流行情况进行分析。本研究旨在评估欧盟年轻女性中经历身体和/或性及心理上仅有的 IPV 的流行率及其主要特征,并确定与个人和环境相关的风险因素。
我们分析了 2012 年欧盟基本权利机构暴力侵害妇女调查中来自欧盟的 5976 名 18-29 岁曾有伴侣的女性的横断面亚样本。主要结局为当前身体和/或性 IPV 和终身心理上仅有的 IPV。风险因素采用多水平泊松回归模型的患病率比(PR)进行评估。
当前身体和/或性 IPV 的流行率为 6.1%,终身心理上仅有的 IPV 的流行率为 28.7%。15 岁之前遭受过成年人的身体和/或性虐待是 IPV 的最强风险因素(PR:身体和/或性 IPV 为 2.9,PR:心理上仅有的 IPV 为 1.5)。其他个体风险因素包括:认为家庭收入水平难以维持生活(PR:身体/性 IPV 为 2.6)、有子女(PR:1.8)和 18-24 岁(PR:1.5)以及心理上仅有的 IPV 的移民背景(PR:1.4)。生活在酗酒或早期辍学率较高的国家与 IPV 呈正相关。
研究结果表明,针对年轻女性的暴力斗争应考虑个人特征、儿童时期的虐待经历,以及包括减少饮酒和改善与教育相关的指标在内的结构性干预措施。