MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK.
NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health, South London and Maudsley NHS Trust, London, SE5 8AF, UK.
Mol Psychiatry. 2019 Feb;24(2):182-197. doi: 10.1038/s41380-018-0040-6. Epub 2018 Mar 8.
Variance in IQ is associated with a wide range of health outcomes, and 1% of the population are affected by intellectual disability. Despite a century of research, the fundamental neural underpinnings of intelligence remain unclear. We integrate results from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of intelligence with brain tissue and single cell gene expression data to identify tissues and cell types associated with intelligence. GWAS data for IQ (N = 78,308) were meta-analyzed with a study comparing 1247 individuals with mean IQ ~170 to 8185 controls. Genes associated with intelligence implicate pyramidal neurons of the somatosensory cortex and CA1 region of the hippocampus, and midbrain embryonic GABAergic neurons. Tissue-specific analyses find the most significant enrichment for frontal cortex brain expressed genes. These results suggest specific neuronal cell types and genes may be involved in intelligence and provide new hypotheses for neuroscience experiments using model systems.
智商的差异与广泛的健康结果有关，1%的人口受到智力障碍的影响。尽管经过一个世纪的研究，智力的基本神经基础仍不清楚。我们将智力的全基因组关联研究（GWAS）的结果与脑组织和单细胞基因表达数据相结合，以确定与智力相关的组织和细胞类型。对智商的 GWAS 数据（N=78308）进行了荟萃分析，并与一项比较 1247 名平均智商~170 的个体与 8185 名对照的研究进行了比较。与智力相关的基因涉及体感皮层的锥体神经元和海马 CA1 区，以及中脑胚胎 GABA 能神经元。组织特异性分析发现，与大脑表达基因相关的最显著的富集是在额叶皮层。这些结果表明，特定的神经元细胞类型和基因可能与智力有关，并为使用模型系统进行神经科学实验提供了新的假设。
