Men's Perpetration of Partner Violence in Bangladesh: Community Gender Norms and Violence in Childhood.

Men's perpetration of intimate partner violence (IPV) is common, but its multilevel determinants are understudied. We leveraged novel data from a probability sample of 570 (married, 18-34 years) from 50 urban and 62 rural communities who took part in the Bangladesh survey of the 2011 . We tested whether more equitable community gender norms among senior men (N=938; married, 35-49 years) was negatively associated, and a junior man's greater exposure to childhood violence was positively associated, with his lifetime count (or scope) of physical IPV acts perpetrated. We also tested whether more equitable community gender norms mitigated the association of more violence in childhood with the lifetime scope of physical IPV acts perpetrated. Among younger married men, 50% reportedly ever perpetrated physical IPV, the mean lifetime scope of physical IPV types perpetrated was 1.1 (SD 1.3) out of 5.0 listed. A majority (64%) reported childhood exposure to violence. In multilevel Poisson models, a man with more childhood exposure to violence had a higher log scope (Est. 0.31, SE 0.04, p<.001) and a man living amidst the most equitable gender norms had a lower log scope (Est. -0.52, SE 0.19, p<.01) of physical IPV acts perpetrated; however, no significant cross-level interaction was observed. Interventions that address the trauma of childhood violence that promote more equitable community gender norms may be needed to mitigate IPV perpetration by younger men.